Topdressing Technology of Summer Maize

Due to wheat field interplanting and stubble direct seeding, summer corn generally does not apply base fertilizer, and the amount of planting fertilizer is insufficient, so reasonable topdressing is very important.

First, choose the corresponding topdressing scheme

To form a certain yield of corn, it is necessary to absorb corresponding nutrients from soil and fertilizer. the higher the yield, the more fertilizer is needed. it is necessary to choose a suitable topdressing scheme according to the yield level and soil fertility conditions. There are three topdressing schemes to choose from. High-yield fields, good soil fertility foundation, a large amount of topdressing, it is best to adopt light topdressing fertilizer, heavy topdressing fertilizer and topdressing grain fertilizer method: seedling fertilizer accounts for 30% of the total topdressing, panicle fertilizer accounts for about 50%, grain fertilizer accounts for about 20%. In the middle-yield field, the fertility foundation is good, and the amount of topdressing is relatively large, so it is appropriate to adopt the two-attack fertilization method of applying sufficient seedling fertilizer and heavy topdressing fertilizer: seedling fertilizer accounts for about 40%, ear fertilizer accounts for about 60%. In low-yield fields, the foundation of soil fertility is poor, and the amount of topdressing is small, so the topdressing methods of heavy topdressing and light topdressing should be adopted: seedling fertilizer accounts for about 60% and panicle fertilizer accounts for about 40%.

Second, turn off the time for topdressing.

According to the law of fertilizer demand in the whole life of corn, topdressing in the best fertilization period can give full play to the fertilizer effect and play the role of increasing production and income.

The main results are as follows: (1) Seedling fertilizer has the attack effect of promoting root, strong seedling, promoting leaf and strong stalk, setting up a shelf for high yield and laying the foundation for big ear. In addition to applying available nitrogen fertilizer, seedling fertilizer can also be applied with phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, as well as rotten organic fertilizer.

(2) the big trumpet mouth stage of ear fertilizer corn is in the stage of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, with exuberant growth and large amount of fertilizer. At this time, fertilization can not only meet the nutrient requirements of panicle differentiation, but also improve the photosynthetic cooperation rate of the middle and upper leaves, make more nutrients transported into the ear, and promote more grains and grain weight.

(3) Grain fertilizer maize turns to reproductive growth from heading to flowering stage. The application of grain fertilizer can prolong the functional period of green leaves, improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, increase the accumulation of photosynthates, and promote grain abundance and grain weight.

In addition, foliar spraying phosphate fertilizer in the late growth stage of maize played a significant role in promoting the transport of nutrients to grains and increasing 1000-grain weight. Generally use 0.4% Murray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution or use 3% Murray 4% calcium superphosphate to clarify the leaching solution, spray about 75 Mu 100 kg per mu on the stems and leaves, and the effect is remarkable.

Third, master the concentration and position of topdressing.

Appropriate fertilization concentration and position can give full play to fertilizer efficiency, reduce fertilizer loss, and play an economic and effective role in fertilization. When using nitrogen fertilizer as topdressing, it must be deeply applied to the soil in order to give full play to the fertilizer effect and improve the nitrogen use efficiency. General nitrogen fertilizer deep application of about 10 cm is appropriate. The seedling fertilizer was applied at the distance of 10murmur12cm from the plant, and the panicle fertilizer was applied at the distance of 15murmur20cm from the plant, which was beneficial to the absorption and utilization of the plant.