Two-stage Seedling raising technique of Olive

Nutrition bag preparation

First of all, prepare nutritious soil. Take fertile paddy soil, burning soil and mature compost in the proportion of 5 ∶ 3 ∶ 2, add 2% calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and mix well, then cut the corner openings on both sides of the bottom of the bag with a plastic bag film of 24 × 18 cm in length and width, and punch holes in the bag wall to facilitate drainage and ventilation. Mix the nutritious soil with a small amount of pesticides and fungicides to disinfect the soil, that is, spray 0.4% formalin solution to 60% of the water content of the matrix, and add 50% phoxim (10-15 grams per cubic meter) into the matrix. stir evenly and cover with an impermeable material for 3-5 days, turn and mix without smell. After the preparation of nutritious soil, the acidity should be adjusted, and PH5-6.5is suitable.

Container loading and arrangement

Mix the prepared nutrient soil and base fertilizer evenly, put it in a 24 × 18 cm plastic bag, compact the soil layer by layer, and then neatly discharge it on the made seedbed, the width of the bed is 1 meter, and the length of the border depends on the terrain. When arranging the containers, the containers should be upright and tight, discharged in rows, and should not be askew, the gap between the containers should be filled with fine soil, and the soil should be cultivated around the seedbed, so as not to expose the plastic bags, and keep the bedside containers moist.

Nursery land selection and soil preparation

The nursery should choose loam or sandy loam with flat terrain, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, convenient transportation, sufficient light, deep soil layer and rich organic matter. The soil with heavy viscosity and poor drainage should not be used as seedling land. Soil preparation is best carried out in winter, first turning the seedling land deeply and raking flat, fine soil preparation before sowing, soil disinfection and weeding, so that the ground is flat, soil is broken, and there is no grass root, and then in the flat nursery, it is formed into a long bed 1 meter wide, with a height of 25-30 centimeters and a ditch width of 30 centimeters.

Sowing seeds

Take out the seeds stored in sand from February to March, soak them in 60-70 ℃ hot water for half a minute, then soak them in cold water for 2-3 hours, then sow the seeds. Generally 2.5 kilograms of seeds are sown per square meter. Spread the seeds evenly on the seedbed, flatten them with a board, and then cover them with a layer of fine sand with a thickness of no seeds, then cover with straw, and then water thoroughly. After sowing, set up a bow-shaped bamboo frame on the seedbed and cover it with plastic film to facilitate heat preservation and moisturization, so as to promote early seed germination, which can be germinated 30-50 days after sowing. Olive seedlings should be managed frequently after they are unearthed. In sunny days, the film should be covered day and night, and water should be replenished in time to promote the growth of shoots.

15 days after the olive seedlings were unearthed, when 3-5 true leaves were grown, they could be transplanted into the bag. Before transplanting, pour water through the sand bed, pry up the buds gently with bamboo sticks, try not to hurt the whisker roots, make the roots take more fine soil, and move the seedlings into the bag with the seedlings. When transplanting, the bamboo stick is used to drill holes in the middle of the container bag, and then the seedlings are put into the planting holes and compacted with the soil next to the seedlings, so that the root soil is closely connected to prevent the planting from being too deep, nesting, cutting or exposing roots. Immediately after transplantation, it was watered to improve the survival rate. Transplant should be carried out in the evening.

Seedling management

Olive seedlings have relatively strict water requirements, and the soil water content in general nutrition bags should be controlled at 60%, 70%. Within one week after transplanting, water should be watered once in the morning and once in the evening, evenly watered with a spray can, and then watered once a day. In principle, the root distribution layer of seedlings should be kept in a moist state.

Topdressing begins when the olive seedlings grow 5-10 cm. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer in the fast-growing period, and phosphorus, potash or compound fertilizer should be applied in the later growth stage. Fertilization should grasp the principle of "thin fertilizer applied frequently, first light and then concentrated", combined with watering, and sprayed with a certain proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer diluted into 200 times aqueous solution. Topdressing should be carried out in the evening. After topdressing, the leaves of seedlings should be washed with clean water in time to prevent fertilizer damage and promote root absorption.

Weeding in time to control diseases and insect pests. The main diseases and insect pests in olive seedling stage are anthracnose and olive room planthopper. Can choose 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid, or 0.6% Bordeaux solution, 405 omethoate EC 1000 times liquid, or 50% trichlorfon soluble powder 800-1000 times liquid and other agents for control. It is necessary to set up a frame to protect against frost in winter, so that the seedlings can survive the winter safely.