High-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques of Torreya grandis

Torreya grandis is a rare dried fruit in China, which has been cultivated for more than 1300 years. It is famous for its rich maple bridge Torreya grandis in Zhuji, the hometown of Chinese Torreya grandis. Torreya grandis has a long life and high economic benefits, so it is called "cash cow" by the masses. The proverb "Torreya grandis is ripe with adequate food and clothing" is the main source of income and livelihood for people in Torreya grandis producing areas. Many farmers have become rich by raising seedlings and cultivation of Torreya grandis. In order to ensure the flavor quality of Fengqiao Torreya grandis, the standardized cultivation of high quality and high yield of Torreya grandis was carried out according to the requirements of "Forest Food Standard of Torreya grandis".

First, strengthen tending and management to make Torreya trees grow healthily, blossom and bear fruit normally.

1. Loosen the soil and weed. From December to January in winter, combined with fertilization, the soil around Torreya trees was turned deep once, fallen leaves were buried in the soil, and legumes, grass and other crops were interplanted in woodland to improve soil aeration conditions and increase income. Turn it shallowly from July to August, and cut weeds and twigs to cover the rhizosphere of Torreya grandis, in order to cool down, moisturize and harvest.

two。 Re-apply fertilizer. Fertilize 2Mel 3 times a year, mainly organic fertilizer, less chemical fertilizer. Fertilizer needs to be applied deeply. The first time from December to January, combined with the deep turning of the soil, the adult Torreya grandis (which can produce Torreya grandis 50ml 100kg) was treated with 100ml 200kg of rotten fertilizer, or 5ml 10kg of cake fertilizer; the second time, in the first and middle of May, 5kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (compound fertilizer) was applied; the third time, in the middle and late September after Torreya grandis harvest, an appropriate amount of quick-acting fertilizer was applied to speed up the recovery of tree potential and lay the foundation for the flowering and fruiting of the following year. The lack of organic fertilizer is the main reason for the size of Torreya grandis.

3. Embankment to protect the soil. For woodlands with large slope and easy soil erosion, ridges should be built around Torreya trees to do a good job of soil and water conservation.

Second, strengthen the management of male trees and do a good job of artificial pollination

1. The number of male trees needed for natural pollination can be achieved by planting and grafting male Torreya grandis trees. And strengthen the male Torreya grandis to loosen the soil, weeding, fertilization and other tending and management measures, do a good job of protection, so that its growth is exuberant, more male flowers.

2. Artificial pollination should be carried out timely and appropriately. Within 7 days after the female flowers bloomed, artificial pollination was carried out by sprinkling powder or spraying (500 grams of water per gram of pollen) after drying in clear dew. But do not pollinate too much, resulting in artificial years.

Third, spray pesticide "like to harvest more" to prevent fruit drop and increase yield

"Aiduoshou" 1.8% water agent, which is a low toxic plant growth regulator, can significantly improve fertilization and fruiting, reduce flower and fruit drop and increase yield when used on Torreya grandis trees with serious flower and fruit drop but no grain harvest for a long time.

Usage: spray with 5000 times concentration of the whole tree, and spray wet branches, leaves and fruits.

Usage time: the first spray is in early April before flowering, and the second is in the first and middle of May.

IV. Pest control

1. Torreya grandis small roll moth. Two generations a year, with larvae harming new shoots and leaves, from April to November. It is usually buried and pupated in May and late November. Control methods: in the first generation from late March to early April, when the new shoot and fruiting branches had not fully spread their leaves, the pupa 10% imidacloprid wettable agent 2500 times or chlorpyrifos emulsion 1000ml 1200 times were sprayed; the second generation began to control from the beginning of June.

2. Gall mites. Symptoms are: Torreya grandis branches and leaves chlorosis, loss of luster, sagging, rust-colored bands on both sides of the back of the leaves. Prevention and control methods: use Xaomijing (acarbazide, pyrethroid pesticides) 3000 times spray, focus on spraying the back of leaves, spray again every 7 Mel 10 days. Spray time after 03:00 in the afternoon is more appropriate, and correctly grasp the concentration.

3. Rust cochlea. After damage, the edges of Torreya leaves become yellowish brown like rust. Control method: spray 1.8% EC with 2000 times, or 3000 times spray with 15% EC.