Direct seeding afforestation technique of Li capsule

Li capsule is one of the fine broad-leaved trees in Guangdong. it is an evergreen tree with straight trunk, dense branches and leaves, developed root system, strong sprouting ability, cold resistance, dry barren and wide adaptability. Fallen leaves are perishable, which can reduce runoff and are suitable for lateritic red loam developed from granite and sand shale. It is not only an important tree species for building water conservation forest and soil and water protection forest, but also an excellent native tree species for managing small diameter wood, industrial raw material forest and ecological public welfare forest.

I. selection of afforestation sites

1. Thinning and crippling woodland. Due to the sporadic distribution of some sparse and residual forests, the surrounding vegetation is complete and rich, the woodland has a certain degree of canopy density, and the intensity of direct sunlight is weak, so the seedlings of Li capsule on the woodland can shade and protect seedlings by making use of natural conditions. it can pass the summer safely and grow normally, so it is the first choice for direct seeding.

2. Felling woodland. The cutting site only cuts down the trees without a large amount of damage to the vegetation of the woodland, and the woodland is less exposed to direct sunlight. For direct seeding afforestation on the cutting site, it is necessary to adopt cutting shade to protect seedlings, and the seedlings of Li capsule can grow normally and pass the summer safely.

3. Burning woodland. Because there is no grass left on the burning ground, and the seedlings of Li capsule are very delicate, they will be burned by the sun if they are not managed properly. Therefore, it is generally not suitable for direct seeding to make pure forest on the burning site, but other ways of afforestation should be changed to other ways of afforestation, which can be mixed with other tree species. Li capsule on the burning site grows better than other woodlands.

II. Afforestation methods

1. Pure forest afforestation. Because there are not many diseases and insect pests in Li capsule, the damage caused by longicorn beetles is more serious, for the woodland with smaller area. The afforestation method of pure forest can be adopted without great harm of diseases and insect pests.

2. Mixed afforestation. For the larger woodland, according to the growth and distribution of Li capsule in different places, when Li capsule is mixed with coniferous forest (such as Masson pine or loblolly pine), the two tree species can grow normally. In order to facilitate management, block mixing or strip mixing, interrow mixing or interplant mixing can be used in the construction of mixed forest.

III. Afforestation and land preparation

1. Dredging the remnant forest and preparing the land. Due to the need for thinning residual forest to play a certain shading role after Li capsule direct seeding, hole reclamation and soil preparation are generally used in thinning and crippling woodland, with a row spacing of 2 × 2 meters and a hole specification of 30 × 30 × 20 cm.

2. Land preparation of cutting sites. We can adopt hole reclamation and land preparation or directly split the belt to dig holes for soil preparation, the plant row spacing is 2 × 2 meters, and the vegetation between the zones can be preserved as far as possible.

3. Land preparation on the burning site. Land preparation with reclamation is generally used on the burning site (direct seeding afforestation of Li capsule generally does not use mountain preparation, but mixed forest must be built here.) the belt spacing is mostly 2 meters or 2.5 meters, depending on the mixed tree species, 2 meters for Li capsule and 2.5 meters for pine species.

IV. Direct seeding afforestation

1. Seed treatment. Li capsule seeds are extremely vulnerable to weevil and mice, so attention should be paid to prevention and control.

(1) Prevention and control of weevil. Weevil lays eggs in the seeds of Li capsule, and then hatches into larvae, which feed on the seeds. In severe cases, the weevil can eat the seeds and affect the seed germination. Therefore, the method of spraying or soaking seeds should be taken to kill weevil larvae before direct seeding. The seeds can be sprayed with 1000 times liquid of trichlorfon, and then piled together to kill weevil, or the seeds can be packed in gunny bags, soaked in water for 3 days and then broadcast directly.

(2) rodent control. According to the habit of rats drinking at the foot of the mountain every day, rat poison was put around the hole from the hillside to the foot of the mountain, once before the live broadcast, and 1 or 3 times according to the situation after the live broadcast.

2. Afforestation. Li capsule direct seeding afforestation generally put 3-5 seeds per hole, which should be sown on the slope wall of the hole, accounting for 2/3 of the whole hole on the slope, requiring horizontal sowing, and then covering about 3-5 cm of soil.

5. Upbringing and management

1. Fertilization. The new leaves of Li capsule seeds are red. When the first leaf changes from red to turquoise, the first fertilization can be carried out. Dig a circular shallow ditch about 10 cm away from the seedling and apply a small amount of urea. In the future, fertilizers should be applied at the periphery of the crown width. It is necessary to apply less to prevent the seedlings from being damaged by fertilizer.