Conventional Seedling raising techniques of double Film Watermelon in small Arch shed

The double film mulching of watermelon small arch shed is based on plastic film mulching, which makes the above ground and underground parts of watermelon in suitable environmental conditions. it can be put on the market in early June and mature 30-40 days earlier than open field cultivation and 15-20 days earlier than simple plastic film mulching. Moreover, after the first stubble melon harvest, the second crop melon can be produced and the yield can be greatly increased, with a general yield of 3500-4000 kg per unit area. Due to the early listing and high yield, the output value is 1.5-3 times higher than that of watermelon cultivated in open field and plastic film mulching, and the economic benefit is good.

In order to obtain high benefit, watermelon varieties with high quality, low temperature tolerance, weak light, early maturity, high yield and disease resistance should be selected for watermelon cultivation in small arch shed in order to obtain high benefit. At present, the main varieties in production are: Jingxin No. 1, extra-large Jingxin, Xinong No. 8, Chuangfeng No. 8, Zheng Za Wuhao, Mei Kang No. 8, Guifei, early Prince and other excellent varieties.

Second, the watermelon cultivated with double film mulching in the conventional seedling shed can be direct seeded, the seedlings can be transplanted, and the seedlings can mature early and save seeds. The seedling raising methods include conventional seedling raising and grafting seedling raising.

The main results are as follows: 1. seedling sites and facilities double-film mulching cultivation of watermelons are planted earlier (25-30 days earlier than those in the open field). We can use protective facilities such as solar greenhouse, greenhouse and small warm cellar to raise seedlings in an electric hotbed. One electric hotline is needed for every 10 square meters of seedling bed. Generally, watermelons per mu need to prepare a seedbed of about 6 square meters, such as grafting seedlings need about 8 square meters. Plastic nutrition bowls (8-10 cm in diameter and 10 cm in height), hole plates (50 holes) or nutritious soil blocks can be used to raise seedlings.

2. Preparation of nutritious soil and sterilized soil the formula of nutritious soil uses disease-free and loose garden soil that has not planted melon crops in recent years. Garden soil, ring fertilizer and rotten chicken manure are screened and mixed according to the proportion of 6 ∶ 2 ∶ 2, each side is mixed with 1 kg of diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate, 1 kg of potassium sulfate, 50% carbendazim 100g, mixed evenly. Soil disinfection can also be carried out by spraying nutrient soil with 40% formalin 100 times solution (40% formalin 1 kg can disinfect 4000 kilograms 5000 kg nutrient soil), spraying and mixing, and then covering with film for 2 days and 3 days. After removing the film and exposing it for 7 days, the bowl can be loaded. The amount of water added to the nutritious soil is squeezed into a ball by hand, and it is appropriate to disperse as soon as it falls to the ground. When loading the nutritious soil, it should be loosened and fruited so as to facilitate the emergence of seeds. In order to prevent seedling disease and prepare the seedbed to disinfect the soil, 50% carbendazim powder and 50% thiram wettable powder were mixed with the same amount of carbendazim powder and 50% thiram wettable powder, and the nutritious soil was evenly mixed with 1 ∶ 300-400 in proportion.

3, the nursery bed is ready to dig the border to make the seedbed, after leveling, lay the hot line on the floor, according to the power of 80~90W/ square meters, lay the electric hot line at a distance of 10 cm (the distance between the two sides is 8 cm), add a layer of fine soil 1 cm thick on the hotline, and then sprinkle 1 cm thick sifted furnace ash, or you can directly put nutrition bowls, seedling (holes) plates or nutrient soil blocks loaded with nutrient soil on the hotline. Buckle the barbecue in advance 5-7 days before sowing to increase the temperature. Water was thoroughly watered 1-2 days before sowing, the water completely seeped into the plastic film behind the cover, and the ground hot line was turned on to increase the temperature.

4. Seed treatment (1) seed selection: seed selection before sowing, removing moldy, moth-eaten, damaged, deformed and shrivelled seeds, selecting full seeds and drying the seeds in sunny days for 1-2 days can improve the germination rate and make the seeds emerge neatly.