High-yield cultivation techniques of Chinese Cabbage in Summer and Autumn

In summer and autumn, the production cycle of Chinese cabbage is short and effective, and it takes only 60-70 days from sowing to harvest. The sales income of summer and autumn Chinese cabbage planted in Hongta District in recent years is 700-1000 yuan per mu, and the higher one can reach more than 1200 yuan. After deducting seeds, pesticides, chemical fertilizers and other means of production and labor costs, the net income per mu is 500,800 yuan, which has better economic and social benefits. 1 early maturing varieties such as "83-1" and "Shandong 19" were selected. Because the Chinese cabbage sown in summer and autumn has hot and rainy growing season and serious damage to diseases and insect pests, the varieties with early maturity, rapid growth, short growth period, maturity tolerance, waterlogging resistance, disease resistance, high yield and compact heading should be selected. (2) soil preparation 2.1.There are more Rain Water in summer, so it is better to choose the platform with high dry terrain, easy drainage and irrigation and no waterlogging, and continuous cropping of cabbage is avoided. After harvest, the former crop was deeply dug and sunburned, and base fertilizer was re-applied to ripen the soil. Mu application of rotten ring fertilizer or chicken manure 2000-3000 kg or biological organic fertilizer 120kg, biological potash fertilizer 3kg, common calcium 40kg, soil fertilizer evenly broken and smooth. 2.2 the best way to make moisture and moisture noodles is north-south, which is conducive to ventilation and light. In order to facilitate the management, the double soil moisture is 4.3 M, the middle walkway is 0.3m wide, the single soil moisture width is 2m, and the ditch width is 0.3m and the depth is 0.3m. The ground is required to be flat, the channel is smooth, and it is easy to drain and prevent waterlogging. (3) sowing Chinese cabbage in summer and autumn in early May or late July and listing in early July or late September can obtain higher economic benefits. The sowing specification is 0.3 × 0.35m, 4500 plants per mu, sowing on demand, sowing amount of 50-70g per mu, watering thoroughly after sowing, and covering the pond with fine dung soil or plant ash, which is beneficial to keep water and moisture and protect the whole seedling. (4) Field management 4.1 and time seedlings 3-4 true leaf time seedlings 15 days after sowing, 3-4 true leaves in each pond, 5-6 true leaves 20 days after sowing, one strong seedling in each pond, and filling seedlings should be carried out after sunset and watered in time. If there is grass in the field, you can hoe. 4.2 after fertilizer and water management, 10 kg of urea or 40 kg of bio-organic fertilizer was applied to promote strong seedlings per mu; 25-30 days after emergence, the rosette stage entered the rosette stage, which was also the peak period of water demand, 1500-2000 kg of human feces and urine per mu or 15-20 kg of urea, 8-10 kg of potassium sulfate, and 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu to promote heading. During the growing period of Chinese cabbage, it is hot and hot, and the water evaporation is large, so it should be watered in time according to the law of water demand and drought. At the same time, there are more Rain Water in the late growth period of Chinese cabbage, so it should be drained in time to prevent waterlogging. (5) Comprehensive control of diseases and insect pests in summer and autumn with high temperature and humidity, and serious harm to diseases and insect pests. Diseases and insect pests are one of the important factors affecting the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. We should adhere to the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive control", select biological or chemical pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and safety, and take scientific control measures to reduce losses. 1500 times phoxim was used to control underground pests before sowing, and Baishu and other pesticides were used to control cabbage green insects in time after emergence; Chinese cabbage soft rot, white shift disease, downy mildew and other serious harm, combined with pest control, streptomycin or fungicidal king and vegetable insect cleaning and other pesticides were used for 2-4 times in the rosette and heading period to strangle the diseases and pests in the germination period and achieve twice the result with half the effort.