Prevention and control of respiratory diseases in caged laying hens in autumn and winter

(agricultural Wealth net) Autumn and Winter is a period of high incidence of respiratory diseases in chickens, accounting for about 70% of clinical cases. Many infectious diseases will cause respiratory symptoms. The climate changes greatly in autumn and winter, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. The excessive airtight and poor ventilation of the chicken house causes the damage of respiratory mucosa caused by the excessive content of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and dust in the chicken house. It makes chickens appear respiratory symptoms such as snoring, wheezing, coughing, nose swinging and sneezing, resulting in a decrease in egg production, an increase in abnormal eggs and an increase in death rate, resulting in huge economic losses to chicken production. Therefore, the prevention and control of respiratory diseases in autumn and winter is of great significance to improve the production performance of laying hens and increase the efficiency of breeding.

The natural environment in autumn and winter is suitable for the growth, reproduction and survival of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, the climate is changeable in autumn and winter, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the temperature of the chicken house is suddenly high and low, which is easy to cause frequent environmental stress to chickens. Dry climate and strong wind also aggravate the damage to respiratory tract mucosa. In addition, most of the henhouses are too airtight in autumn and winter, and it is not easy to coordinate heat preservation and ventilation, which leads to excessive content of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and dust in the henhouse, irritates the respiratory mucosa, and causes edema, bleeding or necrosis of respiratory cilia. Disappear the natural barrier of the respiratory mucosa. Therefore, autumn and winter is the high incidence period of many infectious diseases, such as Newcastle disease, avian influenza, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, bacterial infectious diseases such as mycoplasma, infectious rhinitis, aspergillus and so on. The occurrence of the most common respiratory diseases in production is closely related to environmental factors. The resistance of chickens decreases due to adverse environmental factors, and bacteria and viruses can cause the disease of chickens. The respiratory diseases of chickens are highly contagious and do great harm to chickens. Light ones lead to growth hindrance, decline in production performance, increase in death rate, reduce economic benefits, and may be wiped out by the whole army, causing irreparable economic losses to farmers. Therefore, the prevention and control of respiratory diseases in autumn and winter is of great significance to improve the breeding efficiency of farmers.

1. Strengthen the feeding management and improve the feeding environment

Provide full-price high-quality feed and clean drinking water, and add appropriate amount of electrolytic multi-dimension to the water to resist various environmental stresses and enhance the body's resistance. In autumn and winter, the weather is changeable and the temperature difference between day and night is large, so it is easy to be attacked by cold currents. Open chicken sheds should pay attention to window closing and heat preservation at night, properly handle the relationship between heat preservation and ventilation, ensure fresh air, and pay attention to feeding density at the same time. Improve the feeding environment, reduce all kinds of stress, reduce respiratory tract injury.

Because the chicken house is too airtight in autumn and winter, the excessive content of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and dust in the chicken house causes the disappearance of the natural barrier of respiratory mucosa and local immune barrier, so that the pathogenic microorganisms can take advantage of. Therefore, feces should be cleared in time in autumn and winter. Inside and outside the chicken house should be cleaned frequently to keep the chicken house sanitary, ventilation should be strengthened at noon on a sunny day, and drinking water tanks should be washed in time. At the same time, more than two kinds of disinfectants are used to disinfect chickens every week, and the above measures play a positive role in protecting the integrity of respiratory mucosa and reducing the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the chicken house. It can effectively reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases in autumn and winter.

two。 Strengthen the immunization and isolation of chicken flocks

Entering the autumn and winter season is the high incidence period of many infectious diseases, so it is necessary to do a good job in immunization against respiratory infectious diseases in autumn and winter to keep the antibody level of poultry flocks at a high level, especially to do a good job in immunization against avian influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and infectious laryngotracheitis. After the peak of laying hens, inactivated vaccines against H5N1 and H9N2 subtypes of avian influenza should be carried out in autumn and winter. Live vaccines available for Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis are immunized with drinking water every 1 to 2 months. Isolation should be strengthened on the premise of doing a good job of immunization, because autumn and winter is the high incidence period of many infectious diseases, and there are a large number of free-range chickens in our country. therefore, do a good job in disinfection of personnel, appliances and transportation vehicles, irrelevant personnel are strictly prohibited from entering the production area, and at the same time, birds, migratory birds and other animals enter the production area. It can effectively prevent infectious disease pathogens from entering chicken farms, which is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases.

3. Regular use of respiratory prophylaxis

Winter is a high incidence period of respiratory diseases, at the same time, poor ventilation, poor environment of chicken houses and changeable climate provide favorable conditions for the pathogens of bacterial conditional respiratory diseases such as mycoplasma and infectious rhinitis. It is of great significance to reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases by using tylosin and doxycycline for 3 days a month in autumn and winter.

4. Post-morbid treatment

Once a respiratory disease occurs in autumn and winter, it is necessary to ask the veterinary department for timely diagnosis and reasonable treatment after determining the condition. Farmers should not use drugs blindly to affect the control of the disease, delay the opportunity of treatment, and cause unnecessary economic losses.