The planting Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture puts forward technical suggestions on field management of rape planted in autumn and winter.

Since the beginning of autumn this year, there has been less precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and relatively serious droughts have been formed in some areas; recently, there has been precipitation in Guizhou, southern Hunan and other places, and the drought has been alleviated; there is more precipitation in Sichuan, Chongqing and other provinces and cities, and there is a certain phenomenon of waterlogging damage. In order to ensure the sowing quality of rape sown in autumn and winter this year, the National Agricultural Technology extension Center and the Oil expert guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture, on the basis of full investigation, put forward the following technical suggestions on field management: first, grab moisture and speed up direct seeding to ensure that the whole seedling is sown at one time. Affected by drought in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, there are still 10% of the land such as 15% of the land to be sown. Such areas should make preparations for ploughing. Once the soil moisture is moderate, sowing should be carried out immediately, and the sowing amount per mu should be controlled at 150,200 grams. Late-sowing rapeseed should try to change to early-maturing varieties, and the sowing should be completed before the end of November, and the sowing amount should be increased appropriately, and the sowing amount per mu should be 200 MUE 250 grams. Second, strengthen the management of seedbed to ensure the quality of sowing. Strengthen the management of seedling bed, apply good send-off fertilizer, improve the quality of seedlings and transplanting quality, and try to plant large seedlings first and then small seedlings. It is recommended to spray paclobutrazol or uniconazole to control seedlings in the seedbed where sowing is earlier; if the seedlings are weak due to drought, the density should be increased appropriately, and the suitable transplanting density should be 8000-9000 plants per mu, 10000-12000 plants per mu, 20000-25000 seedlings per mu and 30000-35000 seedlings per mu. The planting density can be reduced appropriately for the paddy field or dry land with good fertility and the transplanting seedlings with high quality. It is necessary to make use of the existing seedling bed as far as possible, plant large seedlings and raise small seedlings, expand the transplanting area and improve the transplanting quality. Third, strengthen the field management and promote the transformation of seedling situation. Seedling replenishment and chemical weeding should be carried out in direct seeding fields as soon as possible. The drought in the early stage led to the lack of seedlings and broken ridges in some direct seeding fields, so it is necessary to transfer seedlings and replant as soon as possible to ensure the density. at the same time, chemical weeding should be carried out in time, and a unified control should be carried out according to the insect population density. Early sowing and early planting fields should be managed early to promote early development. Places with irrigation conditions should be watered as soon as possible to fight drought, and pay close attention to topdressing to promote seedlings and shallow hoe ploughing to preserve soil moisture. When the number of green leaves per plant of early sowing and early planting rape reaches 6-8, attention should be paid to chemical regulation to prevent vigorous growth. The late planting and late sowing fields should strengthen the supply of fertilizer and water, apply 4-6 kg urea per mu combined with drought resistance, and appropriately increase boron fertilizer to promote the transformation and upgrading of seedling condition. Fourth, clear ditches and drain water in time to prevent waterlogging. In some areas with more autumn rain in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, field ditches should be cleared in time, so that the main ditches, enclosed ditches and box ditches are connected, drainage is smooth, field humidity is reduced, and waterlogging damage is prevented. In particular, direct seeding rape in rice fields should do a good job in ditch cleaning and drainage. At the same time, we should pay close attention to ploughing before winter to control weeds, improve soil aeration conditions and promote root development.