Goldilocks flowers are like flying phoenixes, vivid and vivid, like a Phoenix flying.

Goldilocks (one of the plants of the genus Cladosporium)

Buttercup (scientific name: Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.: large shrubs or small trees; up to 3 m tall, with green or pink-green branches, with sparse spines.

Bipinnately compound leaves 4 to 8 pairs, opposite, leaflets 7 to 11 pairs, long elliptic or Obovate, base askew, tip concave, petiolule very short.

Racemes terminal or axillary, petals orbicular-stipitate, orange or yellow, pedicels to 7 cm long. Pods are black. 6 to 9 seeds. The flowering and fruiting period is almost all year round.

It is native to the West Indies and is cultivated in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Taiwan. It is one of the valuable ornamental trees in the tropics.

Morphological characteristics

Goldilocks large shrubs or small trees; branches smooth, green or pink-green, scattered and sparsely prickly. Bipinnately compound leaves 12-26 cm long; pinnae 4-8 pairs, opposite, 6-12 cm long; leaflets 7-11 pairs, oblong or Obovate, 1-2 cm long, 4-8 mm wide, apical notch, sometimes mucronate, base oblique; petiolules short.

Racemes subcorymbose, terminal or axillary, lax, up to 25 cm long; pedicels varied in length, 4.5-7 cm long; receptacle sunken into a gyro-shaped, glabrous; sepals 5, glabrous, the lowest one ca. 14 mm, the rest ca. 10 mm; petals orange-red or yellow, orbicular, 1-2.5 cm long, margin crisped, stalk and limb almost equal Filaments red, protruding from petals, 5-6 cm long, base thick, hairy; ovary glabrous, style long, orange-yellow.

Pods narrow and thin, oblanceolate-oblong, 6-10 cm long and 1.5-2 cm wide, wingless, apex long beaked, glabrous, indehiscent, dark brown at maturity; seeds 6-9. The flowering and fruiting period is almost all year round.

Habitat of producing area

It is cultivated in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Taiwan. The country of origin may be the West Indies. It is one of the valuable ornamental trees in the tropics.

Growth habit

Buttercup is a tropical tree species, like high temperature and high humidity climate environment, cold tolerance is low, in case of long-term low temperature of 5-8 ℃, branches suffer cold injury, avoid frost, Guangzhou, Nanning and other places in southern China, normal years can survive the winter safely in the open field, cold years have frost damage, the north of South China and even North China. Buttercup can only be potted, moved into the greenhouse or indoor in winter, the room temperature should not be less than 10 ℃, like light, not resistant to shade, strong sun and high temperature, should be planted in the place where the sun is sufficient, the requirements for soil are not harsh, sandy soil or clayey soil are suitable, acid-loving soil, more resistant to drought, but also slightly resistant to water and moisture.

Mode of reproduction

Buttercup is propagated with seeds. From mid-June to mid-December, pods mature one after another. From September to October, the mature pods are collected, exposed to the sun, and the seeds can be protruded after cracking. The seeds can be sowed as soon as they are picked, and the seedlings can survive the cold and winter. The seeds can also be sown in the spring the following year. The weight of a thousand seeds is about 132g, and the temperature should be above 20 ℃ at the time of germination. It is suitable to sow in the middle and late March of spring. Soak the seeds in 60 ℃ warm water before sowing, continue soaking for 12 hours after cooling, germinate quickly, generally begin to germinate three days after sowing, and finish germinating within a week, with a germination rate of about 60%.

By using the strip sowing method, the growth rate of seedlings is moderate, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times at seedling stage. After October, nitrogen fertilizer is stopped and potassium fertilizer is applied consistently to promote early Lignification, frost prevention in winter, 1-year-old seedlings can be planted in nursery, and 2-year-old young trees can blossom for viewing. If leaf spot occurs, it can be controlled with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times.

Cultivation techniques

The demand for fertility is not very high. Generally, the soil with medium fertility and high phosphorus and potassium fertilizer has luxuriant flowering, bright color and sufficient moisture, while the soil with higher nitrogen fertilizer has luxuriant branches and leaves and more flowers, but the color is not bright. When planting, it is appropriate to apply rotten cake fertilizer or garbage as base fertilizer, before flowering and at full flowering stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied, the tree shape is not very beautiful, but sprouting, stem cutting or pruning and shaping can be used in management to promote the crown plump. 3-5 plants can also be planted in one place to improve the ornamental effect.

Pest control

Powdery mildew

Symptoms the disease mainly occurs on leaves and shoots. It usually begins in June, and the leaves are covered with white powder layer after July. Subsequently, small yellow dots were formed in the powder layer, and the color gradually darkened, and finally showed dark brown. The pathogens overwintered in the remnants of diseased plants and seeds. The following year, when the environment is suitable, the germs spread by wind and rain. The peak period is from August to September.

Prevention and control methods:

Planting is not too dense, proper ventilation, strengthen fertilizer and water management, enhance plant disease resistance. Remove diseased leaves and diseased plants and destroy them centrally so as to reduce the source of infection.

During the onset of the disease, it was prevented and treated with 1000-1200 times solution of 15% Tylenol wettable powder or 1000 times solution of 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder. Avoid spraying at a high temperature above 32 ℃ to avoid drug damage.

Brown spot disease

Goldilocks brown spot, also known as Fengxian leaf spot, occurs in the north and south of China. Symptomatic diseases mainly occur in leaves. The foliar spot is a light yellowish brown spot at first, then expands into a circle or oval, and then the center becomes light brown, the edge is brown, with inconspicuous rims. On the seriously diseased leaves, there are a series of disease spots, which causes the leaves to become withered and yellow until the plant dies. The pathogen overwintered on the remains of the disease and the fragments of soil and plants. The following year, when the environmental conditions were suitable, the germs spread by means of wind and rain. It is easy to get sick in the high temperature and rainy season.

Prevention and control methods:

Buttercup likes fertile sandy loam and is not resistant to waterlogging. Therefore, it is appropriate to plant sandy loam to facilitate drainage; potted buttercups should be poured out in time after rain. Diseased leaves and plants should be destroyed at the end of autumn to reduce the source of infection in the coming year.

The initial stage of the disease with 25% carbendazim wettable powder 300600 times, or 50% methyl topiramate 100 times, or 75% chlorothalonil 1000 times solution for prevention and treatment.

Blight disease

The symptomatic pathogen mainly infected the rhizome, the pathogenic part blackened or constricted, and white mildew appeared on it when it was moist. After the plant was infected, the leaves wilted and withered within a few days, resulting in the death of the whole plant.

Route of transmission: it overwinters mainly in the form of hyphae or sclerotia in the soil or in the body of the disease and the mycelium camp in the soil is saprophytic without dormancy. In the field, it is mainly transmitted by contact, that is, when the roots, stems and leaves of the plant come into contact with the diseased soil, it will be infected by the hyphae in the soil. Under the condition of water film, the healthy leaves in contact with the diseased part will be infected. In addition, seeds, farm tools and bacteria-carrying compost can spread the disease.

Prevention and treatment methods: spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600x liquid, or 60% Dofu wettable powder 500x liquid, 20% methyl rifampicin EC 1200 times after the diseased plant was removed at the initial stage of the disease.

Main value

Watch

Goldilocks, Leguminosae, is an erect evergreen shrub. Up to 3 meters high, the Corolla is orange-red, the edge is golden, and it blooms on the branches all the year round like a flame butterfly. It is one of the valuable ornamental trees in the tropics.

Among the flowers, buttercups are not attracted by their color and fragrance, but mainly by their appearance. Goldilocks flower shape is particularly strange, the flower is like a flying Phoenix, the flower has a head and tail, wings and feet, vivid, vivid, like a Phoenix flying, people have to admire the magic of nature.

Medicinal use

Goldilocks is a famous traditional Chinese medicine. Seeds used in medicine have the effect of promoting blood circulation and dredging menstruation. Juice from stem is washed with yellow rice wine.

Plant culture

Birthday flowers

In the sixteenth century, the prince of the kingdom of Frank, the flower of St. Claude.

Since ancient times, Christianity has had the habit of connecting saints with specific flowers, because the church often decorates the altar with blooming flowers when commemorating saints. In the medieval Catholic monastery, it was like a horticultural center to grow all kinds of flowers.

Over time, the church combines 366-day saints with different flowers to form a so-called calendar.

At that time, most of the monasteries were located in southern Europe, which had a mid-sea climate and was very suitable for planting flowers and plants.

Buttercups belonging to the Compositae family were chosen to sacrifice the flowers of Saint Cora, the prince of the Kingdom of Frank. It is said that St. Clade gave up the throne and would rather be a monk. He not only helped the weak and took care of the suffering, but also performed many miracles.

Fancy language

Run away

Goldilocks was chosen to be dedicated to Prince Frank St. Claude. When his father died, he was hunted and killed by the uncle who wanted to seize the throne. In order to escape, he gave up the right to inherit the throne and became a member of the clergy, so its fancy language was "flight". People born with such blessings are depressed, and although they seem to hide in corners and sit on the sidelines on occasions such as dances, when a loved one appears, his character may suddenly change. Implement his belief in love.

City flower

Buttercup is the city flower of Shantou City, Guangdong Province, the city flower of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, and the school flower of Shantou University and Xiamen University during the period of the Republic of China.

In December 1982, it was directly elected by the citizens of Shantou and approved by the mayor's office meeting to determine Goldilocks as the city flower of Shantou City.

In June 1983, a city flower naming meeting was held in Shantou City Library. Goldilocks, scientific name Phoenix wood, belongs to Leguminosae, deciduous trees, for garden trees, street trees. It blossoms in summer and is dazzling, and it is often planted in urban areas.

In 1996, it was decided to add one more city flower. After the public vote, the orchid was selected as another city flower from the two candidate species of orchid and horn flower.

In January 1997, the municipal government confirmed that orchids and buttercups were juxtaposed as Shantou city flowers.

Shantou orchid has a long history, the orchid is full of tenacious vitality, noble form and profound cultural connotation, representing the spiritual outlook of the people of the special zone, but also a Chaoshan specialty, shade health, many varieties, and buttercup.