High-yielding planting techniques of Huai Mountain

Hello! I am a farmer in Heyuan City, Guangdong Province. I want to grow yam in my hometown. Online information said that planting Chinese yam requires a machine to drill holes in order to achieve high yields. What else can I do to make Huaishan high yield? Thanks? Name: Huang Yanke Unit: Tel: 13829300466

Answer: Comrade Huang Yanke:

Hello, yam, also known as yam, with its hypertrophy of the root tuber for food or medicinal, fleshy hypertrophy, rich in starch. Huaishan has its own flavor. It is a precious vegetable. It is often used as grain in tropical areas. It is also a tonic and a good raw material for brewing wine. Huaishan belongs to perennial root vine plant, like warm, not cold, root tuber above 10℃ began to sprout, stem and leaf growth at 25℃-28℃ for the best, tuber expansion at 20℃-24℃ for the fastest. In order to achieve high and stable yields, we must grasp the following cultivation points:

1. Selection and preparation:

Huaishan is a product of underground fleshy roots, fine fibrous roots, so the requirements for soil are stricter. Huaishan is not only afraid of drought, but also afraid of waterlogging (waterlogging). Generally, it requires deep soil layer, good air permeability, rich organic matter, able to discharge energy for irrigation, slightly acidic to neutral sandy soil, preferably yellow sandy soil, which is conducive to the root growth of Huaishan potato. After land selection, deep ploughing shall be carried out in winter for more than 40 cm, and the weathered soil shall be bleached in the sun. After spring, the soil shall be prepared according to the ridge height of about 50 cm and the ridge width of 1.4 m (including ditch). Double row planting shall be carried out. The drainage ditch around the field shall be dug. If the field length exceeds 20 meters, the waist ditch shall be added to ensure rapid drainage in rainy season. Huaishan can not be continuous cropping, generally every three years should be 1.

II. Seed treatment:

20-25 days before planting, select the root head (about 10 cm) of the disease-free root tuber, which is hard and rarely eaten, as seed, dip one end of its cross section in hydrated lime powder for sterilization, and store it in a cool and ventilated place. However, due to the limited number of roots and the easy degradation of successive planting, it can not meet the needs of large-scale planting. In order to increase the reproduction coefficient, most of the aerial tubers (zero seeds) of Huaishan Mountain are planted. The size of zero seeds should be consistent and the growth balance should be balanced, which is conducive to management and high yield. The cost is high if the zeroes are too large, and the buds are not strong if they are too small, so it is difficult to obtain high yield. In addition, in order to ensure that the seedlings are uniform, 15--20 days before sowing, the seedlings can be germinated, that is, buried in wet sand and maintained at 20--30℃. When the germination rate reaches more than 80%, the stronger seedlings can be selected and transplanted into the field.

3. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and sow seeds in due time:

Adequate application of base fertilizer is one of the key technical measures. 1500-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (or 40--50 kg of imported compound fertilizer) and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate can be used as base fertilizer per mu. From March to April, when the temperature rises above 12℃ and the ground temperature is stable above 10℃, it is selected to plant in sunny or cloudy days (rainy days are not suitable). Before planting, open planting ditch according to row spacing of 50cm, then ditch in the middle of two planting rows to apply base fertilizer and immediately return soil to cover, then vertically put root head in planting ditch according to plant spacing of 25--30cm, pay attention not to put upside down, one piece per hole (if planting with zero seed, one zero seed per hole, in order to facilitate root growth, zero seed should be placed horizontally in planting ditch), and then cover soil 3- 5cm.