The necessary skills of raising ricefield eel in spring

The breeding method of Monopterus Albus is simple, the feed is wide, the cost is low, and the effect is quick. All rural families can breed according to local conditions. Today, we introduce the technical points, matters needing attention and the latest methods of farming to the farmers. The incidence of Monopterus Albus is high in spring, so the farmers who cultivate Monopterus Albus must raise it scientifically.

Eel seedling breeding

New fish are selected for breeding, the female should choose the eel with a body length of more than 35 cm and weighing 50 won 150 grams, with Zona pellucida and red and swollen reproductive pores, and those with eggs are the best; the male eel should be more than 55 cm long and weigh more than 150 grams, with blood markings on the abdomen, extruding the abdomen can flow out hyaline, and microscopic examination shows sperm. It is suitable to match 2 Mel 3 female eels with 1 male eel.

Measures such as inflating, increasing water exchange, adjusting culture density and providing high quality bait can be adopted to promote the reproduction of eel naturally and improve its fecundity. Lrh-a can also be injected once, 10 micrograms per 50 g body weight for female eels and 15 Mel 25 mg per tail for male eels. Male eels were injected into the chest 24 hours earlier than females. When injecting, the depth is not more than 0.5 cm, the injection volume is not more than 1 ml, the effect of inducing labor is the best.

Artificial insemination holds the front of the female eel with a towel in one hand and squeezes the abdomen backward with the other. If the cloaca is blocked, the cloaca can be cut open, and then the eggs can be squeezed, and the extruded eggs can be put into a sterilized jar or basin. Kill the selected male eel, cut and grind the testis, wrap the chopped testis with a 100-mesh sieve, squeeze the semen into the egg container, stir fully for 5 minutes, wash off the seminal remnants and blood stains with clean water, and put the fertilized eggs into a temperature-controlled incubator or indoor incubator to hatch. No matter the number of eggs, at least 2 or more male eels should be used to inseminate.

The water depth of controlled temperature hatching should be about 10 cm, and the water should be changed frequently during the process, but the temperature difference should not exceed 4 ℃. The higher the water temperature, the shorter the incubation time.

Cement ponds should be used for fish fry cultivation, in which a small amount of manure fertilizer and water should be properly applied to provide silk earthworms for reproduction, and water hyacinth and other aquatic plants should be released on the water surface. The stocking density of fish fry is about 200 fish fry per square meter. After 2 months, eel fry can be moved to adult eel pond when they grow to about 10 cm.

Disease prevention and cure

Clean the pool with 100g / m2 of quicklime for 10 days before stocking; during the breeding process, pour 20ppm calcium peroxide solution into the bottom of the pool with a water pipe every 30 days to increase oxygen at the bottom of the pool to prevent the disease of ricefield eel caused by anoxic corruption, and sprinkle disinfection with 15mmp quicklime every 15 days. In addition, 20 grams of allicin per 100 kg of ricefield eel every 5 days were fed once a day for 3 days to prevent diseases. The common diseases of Monopterus Albus are:

Rotten tail disease: at the beginning of the disease, Monopterus Albus tail congestion and inflammation, muscle necrosis and ulceration, slow response, severe tail rot, and finally lose mobility and die. Prevention and control methods: prevent damage to seedlings during transportation, stocking density should not be too large, pay attention to changing clean water sources frequently, and sprinkle with eel disease spirit in the whole pond.

Rotten skin disease: at the beginning of the disease, there are erythema of different sizes on the body surface of Monopterus Albus, punctate hyperemia and inflammation, especially on both sides of the abdomen. When the condition is serious, the diseased eel has punctate festering epidermis, irregularly shaped holes on the body surface, and infects the internal organs and dies. Prevention and treatment: clean the pool thoroughly with quicklime to eliminate pathogens and prevent pollution. In spring, every cubic meter of water is sprinkled with 10ml eel disease spirits in the whole pool for 3 days as a course of treatment.

Cold: when changing water, pay attention to the temperature difference can not be too large, can prevent the occurrence of the disease.

Enteritis: diseased eel has loss of appetite, slow swimming, blackened body color, dilated abdomen, red and swollen anus. Local or whole intestinal congestion and inflammation. Prevention and control methods: strengthen feeding, do not feed rotten bait. Soak every cubic meter of water with 1 Mel 2 grams of bleach or 10 grams of quicklime for 5 minutes, and feed with eel feed for 3 days.

Capillary nematode disease: parasitic in eel, causing fish to lose weight and death, accompanied by edema, anal redness and swelling. Every kilogram of ricefield eel is fed with 0.1 grams of 90% crystal trichlorfon, mixed with feed for 6 consecutive days.

Artificial fattening

The construction of Monopterus Albus culture ponds should be built in places with shelter from the wind and the sun, guaranteed water sources and solid soil, such as cement ponds, soil ponds and rice fields. The area of the pond for raising Monopterus Albus is determined according to the scale of the culture. Generally, it is appropriate to have a pool of 100 square meters, with a depth of 70 cm and a wall of about 30 cm above the water surface, to prevent Monopterus Albus from escaping. The shape of the pond is long and oval, the pond is made of bricks around, the top of the pond wall is made of "t" shaped eaves of about 20 centimeters, the bottom of the pond is paved with cement, and the pond mud of about 25 centimeters is laid on top, so as to facilitate the burrowing of Monopterus Albus. The cement in the pool should not be too deep, it is best to keep it at about 15cm. Drainage holes should be set up to prevent escape from low-lying pools and old nylon nets. Water hyacinth and other aquatic plants are planted on the surface of the pond, which are used as shade and latent habitat of Monopterus Albus.

The released seedlings of eel had better come from the fine dark yellow spotted eel cultivated and domesticated. Eel seedlings are mainly wild, with no damage, no parasites, strong physique and uniform size, 80 eels per kilogram and about 1 kilogram of yellow eel seedlings per square meter. The stocking density of eel seedlings with a specification of 20 Mel / kg was 4 kg / m2, and that of eel seedlings with a specification of 10 mi / kg was 4 Mel / 6 kg / m2. Eel seedlings of different specifications should be raised in separate ponds, while 10% of the eel seedlings should be matched with a small amount of Loach.

Feeding management 1, feed: Monopterus Albus feed can be earthworms, mussel meat, snail meat, small fish, small tadpoles, small insects, animal viscera, melons and vegetables and so on. Monopterus Albus goes out day and night, generally feeding after dark in the afternoon within a week, then gradually advance feeding time, domestication to the most complete at 2: 00 in the afternoon; the fresh bait feeding rate is 5% mur6%, the bait feeding rate is 1% Muo2%, and the animal bait fed according to the water temperature should be fresh; 2. Daily management: mainly to keep the water quality "fat, alive, tender and cool". When the seedlings are first released, the water in the pool should be shallower, 10 centimeters is appropriate, and then gradually deepen the water, generally maintained at 15 Murray 20 centimeters. The water should be changed frequently, every 3 days, and it is appropriate to change the water every time. When there is a high temperature in summer, change the water once a day, preferably in the early morning, when the temperature of the water source is basically the same as that of the pool water, so as to prevent the rice field eel from catching a cold because the temperature difference is too large (more than 3 degrees). Catch dead eel, sick eel and weak eel in time every morning, and plant towel gourd, grapes and other vines along the pool to cool down.

Three methods of culture

Cage culture of ricefield eel

Cage culture is suitable for large water bodies, the main advantage is that the flow through the mesh, so that the box to form a living water environment, so the water quality is fresh, rich in dissolved oxygen, high-density intensive culture can be carried out. The main culture techniques are as follows:

The best area of the cage is about 20 square meters, with a length of 5m, a width of 4m and a height of 1m. The water part is 40cm and the underwater part is 60cm. The net quality should be good, the mesh should be dense, the net should be important, the cage should be set in the pond with a water depth of more than 0.8m, and the cage can be set up side by side in the pond, and bamboo frames can be built in the middle of the two rows of cages for people to walk and feed. The setting area of the cage should not exceed 50% of the total area of the pond, otherwise it will easily lead to the deterioration of water quality. Water plants, preferably water peanuts, should be placed in the cage, and the coverage area should account for 90% of the cage area.

Soilless running water culture of Monopterus Albus in plastic greenhouse

The cultivation of ricefield eel in plastic greenhouse can be produced continuously all the year round, and soilless running water culture can effectively control the disease and double the benefit. There are two main ways of soilless running water culture in plastic greenhouse:

(1) Open. It is suitable for the construction of ponds in places with warm running water for many years, and is suitable for large-scale operation. The breeding pond is made of brick and cement. The area of each pond is 10 mi 20 square meters, the depth of the pond is 40 cm, the width of the pond is 1 mi 2 m, and the width of the ridge is 20 mi 40 cm. In the relative position of the pool, there are 2 inlet pipes and 2 drainage pipes with a diameter of 3 mi 4 cm. (2) closed circulation filter type. It is suitable for use in big cities or places where there is a lack of water sources, and the water for breeding can be reused with less water consumption and easy to control the temperature, but the investment is slightly larger. In addition, aeration tanks, sedimentation tanks, and some water purification equipment, pumping equipment and heating equipment need to be built.

Rice field culture of Monopterus Albus

Using rice fields to cultivate ricefield eel has the advantages of low cost, convenient management, producing both rice and fish, which is an effective way for farmers to increase their income. Selection and requirements of rice fields: rice fields with good water retention, low-lying terrain and convenient access and drainage should be selected for raising rice eel rice fields. The first is to heighten and strengthen the ridge of the field so that there is no leakage; the second is to dig a set of trenches inside and outside the field, which is 5m wide and 1m deep, and dig a "+" or "well" shaped trench in the middle of the field, wide 50cm, deep 30cm, and communicate with the surrounding ring trenches; third, do a good job in the drainage system and install strong fish blocking facilities at the inlet and outlet to prevent fish escape. The time for releasing the seedlings is concentrated in the middle and last ten days of April, and the fish are soaked in 3% Murray 4% salt water for 10 minutes to prevent skin abrasions and kill water mold and body surface parasites.