Comprehensive cultivation techniques of high efficiency and high yield of ginger

First, select the sandy loam that has not been planted ginger in the past two years, has a thick soil layer, is close to the water source and is well drained. Second, ginger species selection and treatment selected Leshan Xiba, Gu for filial piety, Xinmin white ginger species. It is suitable to choose ginger with smooth skin, normal bud color, stout and round rhizome, free from diseases and insect pests. After "Rain Water", choose a sunny day, spread the ginger seeds for 2-3 days and soak the seeds with plant ash for 20 minutes. Third, before and after sprouting "the Spring Equinox", in the leeward dam of Xiangyang, the bottom is 3-4 cm thick with straw, 10-13 cm of grass, and 3-4 cm of stone flowers. Pile up the selected ginger buds in turn, 35-50 cm thick, and then cover 15-22 cm of stone flower, green straw and straw. Press around, pour water through, and use film cover to strictly promote sprouting. When the temperature in the reactor is higher than 40 ℃, the film should be removed and watered to cool down. Choose peach-shaped ginger buds, round fat and stout chunks. The standard buds are 2 cm long and cut into 1-2 pieces of ginger. The cut is stained with plant ash. Unsprouted or short sprouted ginger pieces are put back into the pile to continue to sprout. Fourth, before and after "the Beginning of Spring", the concentration of human and animal manure is more than 50%, and the amount of dung per mu is 150 piculs. Turn the soil deeply before planting, flatten the soil, and manage the drainage ditch all around. Make the whole ginger field into a high border, build a ginger ridge, the ridge is 3.4-4 meters long, the ridge is 25-34 cm high, the ridge is 26-30 cm wide, and the ginger ditch is 10-13 cm wide. Even the ditch with a ridge of 40 cm, build a good back cover film. A week before transplanting, 5000 kg of human and animal manure per mu was applied into the ditch and dried unevenly. Choose a sunny day, put the ginger pieces in the ditch according to 7-13 cm plant distance, ginger buds upward, cover ash residue or plant ash fertilizer (2500 kg per mu), cover fine soil 7 cm thick, then drench manure, and finally cover strictly with film. 6. Field management 1. Fertilize and cultivate the soil when the seedling height is 13-16 cm, and then every 15-20 days, a total of 3-4 times, the fertilization concentration gradually increases from 30% to 80%, and a small amount of potassium chloride should be added each time. 0.2-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used for extra-root topdressing, 3-7 cm each time, and the ridge of ginger should be loosened after leveling. In the future, cultivate the soil to turn the ridge of ginger into a ginger ditch. When the ginger seedlings do not grow beyond the ridge of ginger, you should continue to cover the film. 2. Drainage and irrigation and shading must be kept unobstructed when it is overcast and rainy. In the case of high temperature and drought, light fertilizer and water (concentration 10%) is frequently applied in the morning and evening to resist drought, and it is also necessary to set up a shade net to cover the shade in the morning and cover it in the evening. 3. Disease and pest control (1) Ginger plague: the disease often invades leaves and rhizomes, causing rhizome rot. The time of onset was from June to August. When it is found that the diseased plant should be removed as soon as possible, the nest should be spread with lime, and the drug should be used to prevent and cure the nest of ginger distemper. (2) Ginger borer and Bombyx mori: Crystal diphtheria, deltamethrin and phenathion were applied.