High-yielding techniques of cultivating Coprinus comatus with Distiller's grains

Distiller's grains is a good raw material for the cultivation of edible fungi. Its nutritional composition is suitable for the growth of hyphae such as Coprinus comatus, which can not only reduce the cost of edible mushroom production, but also solve environmental pollution. Distiller's grains contains a small amount of ethanol and active yeasts which are harmful to mycelial growth, with high acidity and a PH value of about 3 to 5. Select fresh distiller's grains, together with other items, the formula is: 1, 90% distiller's grains, 8% lime, 1% gypsum, 1% ammonium bicarbonate, and the biological efficiency is 120% 130%. 2, 39% distiller's grains, 39% corncob, 10% rice bran, 8% lime, 2% gypsum, 1% calcium superphosphate, 1% ammonium bicarbonate, 130% biological efficiency. 3. 50% distiller's grains, 30% cotton bran, 8% wheat bran, 8% lime, 2% gypsum, 1% calcium superphosphate, 1% ammonium bicarbonate, 130% biological efficiency. First, mix lime, gypsum and ammonium bicarbonate directly into the distiller's grains, adjust the PH value to 9: 11, other materials (cotton husk, corncob) are still prepared according to the formula of Pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinus comatus, then evenly mix into the distiller's grains to ferment for 5 ~ 8 hours, spread out and cool before bagging. The mixture must be evenly mixed, and the PH value must be raised to 9: 11 in the early stage. Second, the selection of high-quality and high-yield strains and the use of high-quality cultivated strains are the primary conditions for high yield, and the excellent strains have strong vitality, strong decomposition ability to matrix, fast mycelium growth rate and wide adaptability. strong stress resistance and high mushroom rate. Third, after bagging and sowing, select the 50 × 26 polyethylene bag, adopt the layered sowing method, that is, three layers of material and four layers of species, the two ends of the bag will spread the bacteria evenly, and the middle two layers of bacteria are close to the outside of the plastic bag. after filling the bag, 3 ~ 4 eyes were pierced with hand stitching needle on each strain to facilitate ventilation. According to the air temperature, the optimum temperature of the bag is 23 ℃ ~ 26 ℃. The mycelium grows fastest and is not suitable for the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. In order to produce bacteria safely, the temperature should be lower, which not only does not hinder the growth of mycelium, but also can inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. 4. The management of mushroom emergence period can be carried out after a period of 30 to 35 days. The sunny beds in the shed should be sterilized and insect-proof in advance, and the soil should be covered with a mixture of 2% formaldehyde and 1% dichlorvos for 24 hours in advance. Then add 2.5 kilograms of lime, 2.5 kilograms of plant ash and 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer to every 2 inches of soil. Remove the film of Coprinus comatus or Pleurotus ostreatus bag and lie across the sunny border, cover it with soil, the thickness is about 4 cm, then spray heavy water once, and then build a small arch shed. During this period, attention should be paid to the adjustment of space humidity and temperature. The suitable temperature for Coprinus comatus mushroom emergence period is 13 ℃ ~ 26 ℃, and the space humidity is about 85%. After about 10 days, aerated hyphae grow on the soil surface, and water spraying should be carried out at the same time. The principle of spraying water should be less, spray lightly, do not spray water directly after the emergence of fruit body, at this time to improve the humidity of the space, and strengthen ventilation, the mushroom room should spray water before ventilation. Practice has proved that the specific management of spraying water in the mushroom stage should follow the scientific water use method of banning spraying in bud stage, spraying frequently in space, spraying fungal stalk, keeping moist, and now covering light spraying. Fifth, the fruiting body of Coprinus comatus harvested in medium well was the best, with good quality and high yield. When harvesting, hold the base with your hand and turn it around and pull it out gently, do not bring out the soil at the base. Clean the border surface in time after harvest, do not leave residual mushrooms, spray "keep" water to the border once or twice a day, keep the soil moist, do not spray too much water until the next batch of mushrooms appear. Generally, 4 ~ 5 batches of mushrooms can be picked. After harvest, Coprinus comatus should be sold or processed in time. Generally, the umbrella will be opened two days after harvest, losing commercial value.