How can early big cherries be planted with high yield?

How can early big cherries be planted with high yield? Ask for guidance big cherry fruit ripens early, have "the first branch of spring fresh fruit" reputation. It is favored by consumers because of its bright color, good quality, rich nutrition and high value. The cultivation has the advantages of high economic benefit, short fruit growth period and easy management, so it is loved by the growers. However, in the production, the economic yield is formed late, and the slow effect restricts the development of big cherry. Therefore, exploring the early high-yield technology of big cherry is the key to promote the development of big cherry. Big cherry has strict requirements on soil and climate conditions, and must have a garden with deep soil layer and good fertilizer and water conditions, which is the basis of normal results and high yield. The soil should always be loose. Ploughing once a year in spring, summer and autumn, with a depth of about 25 cm, to facilitate root expansion. Sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in fertilizer management, and topdressing should be based on nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the later stage. Base fertilizer is applied from mid-September to October every year. The fruit trees will grow the following spring. According to the plant application of organic fertilizer 30m 50 kg, urea 0.5 kg, superphosphate 1.5 kg. In the early growth stage (before May), 0.75 kg urea was applied to promote the growth of new shoots. After June, each plant was applied 1.5 kg of superphosphate and 1.2 kg of potassium sulfate. Water management should adapt to the characteristics that big cherries are neither flood-resistant nor drought-resistant, and the soil relative humidity should be controlled between 60% and 80%. Among them, from germination to early flowering stage, water can be irrigated once according to soil moisture, so that the soil relative humidity is about 80%, and then the soil relative humidity is controlled between 60% and 70%. Second, shaping and pruning to build a tree structure conducive to early high yield is the key to early high yield technology. 1. Tree shape culture: the spindle shape of big cherry is beneficial to the early high yield and stable yield. This kind of tree shape requires the planting of strong seedlings with a height of more than 1.5 meters, with a fixed stem height of 80 Mel and 90 centimeters. The main branches are not cultivated in that year. When the trunk is cut in winter, the germinated branches are truncated very heavily, and the main branches begin to be cultivated in the second year. This can increase the grade difference between the middle trunk and the main branches, which is conducive to the cultivation of subordinate relations. The tree is generally required to have a stem height of 60ml / 70cm and a tree height of 3.5mi / 4m. On the central trunk, 15 main branches are randomly cultivated every 20m / 25cm. The angle of the main branches is between 70ml and 80 degrees. Lateral branches are not cultivated, but large, medium and small branches are cultivated on the main branches. 2. Summer pruning: in the process of shaping, the main branch should be pruned in combination with summer pruning, the angle of the main branch is about 70 degrees, when the length of the extended branch is about 50 cm, the tip of the branch is about 10 cm, and when the extended branch is cut short in winter, the branch axis is kept compact. Prevent the occurrence of rear baldness. Summer pruning is mainly to ease the tree potential and promote the formation of flower buds. The main measures are as follows: (1) drawing branches: pulling the corners of the main branches before the Summer Solstice or in August-September to avoid crown closure and the death of the lower branches, which can increase the germination rate, increase the number of short branches and promote the early fruiting of flowers. it can also improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown, improve the branch quality, prevent internal baldness, and ease the outward movement of fruiting parts. Increase the effective fruit volume, improve the yield and quality. Pulling a strong branch can ease the growth of the branch and balance the tree. The opening angle of the auxiliary branch should be about 80 degrees. (2) sprouting: before germination, cut across the top of the buds and leaf branches to reach the xylem to promote the emergence of new shoots. Sprouting can improve the germination quality of lateral buds or leaf branches, increase the proportion of medium and long branches and the total number of branches, which is beneficial to shaping and making up for the vacancy in the crown. (3) coring: continuous coring can be carried out for the strong branches in the tree. The small and medium-sized branches were cultured when the long and middle branches of sprouting buds were 20 cm long, so as to increase the effective fruiting parts, promote the early fruiting and increase the yield. Picking the heart of the strong branches can promote the growth of branches, increase the number of short branches, ease the growth of the whole tree, and achieve the purpose of early fruiting. The growing branches can be picked 3 times in a year. In order to increase the fruit setting rate, the heart-picking time should be limited to 10 seconds after anthesis within 15 days. Obviously reduce the nutrient consumption, reduce the physiological fruit drop, and the fruit matures early. The secondary branch germinated after picking the heart has a high flowering rate. (4) girdling: girdling is an effective measure to control vegetative growth and promote early fruit. The time of girdling of big cherry is very strong, usually from flowering to 10 days after late flowering, on the trunk or big branch. The width of the peeling mouth can be slightly larger than the standard of the apple, and the peeling healing rate is faster than that of the apple because of the bark regenerated by xylem parenchyma cells. (5) thinning branches: removing the perennial branches which are too dense, too strong, smooth and disordered crown is very beneficial to adjust the tree structure, improve the light balance and promote the differentiation of flower buds. If the branches are thinned in the first ten days of June, the wound can be easily healed, and the strong branches which seriously affect the ventilation and light in the crown and have no retention value can be removed from the base. Big cherry young tree period: mainly to establish a solid tree skeleton, on the basis of shaping, the pruning degree of all kinds of branches should be light, in addition to properly thinning some overdense and crossed random branches, it is necessary to retain as many medium branches and branchlets as possible, light and short one-year-old branches to promote more branches to facilitate the growth of backbone branches. For 3-4-year-old young trees, the shortening degree of the extended branches of the main branches should be determined according to the growth strength and location of the branches. Generally speaking, the elongated branch should be cut to 40ml / 50cm, and the elongated branch should leave the outer bud, and the varieties with strong upright branches can also leave the inner bud, which can be cut off when the inner bud is cut next winter, and the outer bud can be used as the extension branch, so that the opening angle can be opened and its overgrowth can be restrained. The branchlets on all levels of branches in the crown are basically motionless. Make it form fruit branches as soon as possible to facilitate early fruiting and early high yield. Click to get more cherry planting techniques click to get more fruit planting techniques