What should we pay attention to when planting wax gourd?

What should we pay attention to when planting wax gourd? Please give guidance to plant wax gourd to pay attention to the following points: 1. Soil selection

The cultivation of wax gourd should choose convenient drainage, deep soil layer, fertile sandy loam or clay loam, which was used as a field that had not planted melon crops for more than three years, while rice was better before.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

The cultivation of wax gourd in Guangzhou is divided into two seasons: spring planting and autumn planting, and most of them are planted in spring, usually sowing from January to February. Under the premise of adopting cold prevention measures, early sowing is better than late sowing, so in recent years, sowing in the first and middle of January can prolong the growth period, especially the vegetative growth period, so that the winter melon has higher air humidity and fruit setting when the temperature is above 20 ℃ before and after the rainy season. Winter gourd planted in autumn is usually sown before and after Lesser Heat (early and mid-July).

3. Cultivate strong seedlings

(1) to cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings, the seeds must be disinfected and germinated: soak the wax gourd seedlings with 50% carbendazim 500x solution for 1 hour, then rinse with clean water, soak the seeds with 50 ℃ warm water for 3 hours, wrap them with clean gauze or thin towels after washing with clean water, put them under 30 ℃ to promote germination, and sow seeds after 3-5 mm of seed dew.

(2) to cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings, nutrition cups (bags) were often used to cultivate healthy seedlings: nutrition cups (bags) with caliber 10cm × 10cm were used to raise seedlings in a small arch greenhouse or greenhouse after planting.

In addition to keeping the seedling bed moist during the seedling raising period, Purek water agent and avermectin can also be sprayed to prevent quenching disease and spot latent diseases and insect pests. When the temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 30 ℃, it should be ventilated in time. Winter gourd planted in autumn is often soaked in seeds to accelerate germination and then direct seeded in the field.

4. Colonization

Wax gourd with nutrition cup (bag) heat preservation seedlings, the seedling stage can be longer, seedlings with 3-5 true leaves before planting. The planting time is determined according to the temperature, and it can be planted in Guangzhou from the end of February to the first ten days of March. After ploughing and harrowing, the border is 1.7m (including ditch), 0.5m high and 1.2m wide. 50-75kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied to the whole layer of the border, and 1000-1500 kg of poultry manure is buried in a deep ditch in the middle of the border. Before planting, 100-fold carbendazim concrete was applied to prevent disease, and the plant spacing was 0.65 meters, about 600 plants per mu.

5. Set up the frame, trim the vine and keep the melon.

Setting up and pruning vines is an important part of wax gourd cultivation. The form of scaffolding generally adopts the dragon root of three-star drum rack. When the melon vine grows to 60 cm, let the main vine coil on the ground around its drum rack, and combine the pressure vine to fix the growth direction. When the melon vine grows to 18 nodes, the vine can be put on the shelf, and all the lateral vines are removed before and after setting fruit, and the main vine keeps 10-12 leaves at the top. The node position of wax gourd is related to the fruit size, and the node position of wax gourd should be between 23 and 25 nodes, of which the melon with 25-30 nodes is the largest. In order to go on the market early, melons can also be retained in 19-20 sections, but the yield is low. In order to increase the fruit setting rate and reduce the "empty vine", it is necessary to carry out artificial pollination to control melon fruit flies (needle wasps) and thrips which affect fruit setting in time.

6. Fertilizer and water management

Wax gourd has a long growth period, high yield and large amount of fertilizer and water. Little fertilizer and water is needed before the seedling stage, and not much in the vine stage, but sufficient fertilizer and water is needed in flowering and fruiting, especially after fruiting. As for the amount of topdressing, the amount of fertilizer applied before introducing the vine to the shelf accounted for 30% of the total amount of fertilizer, and 60% of the total amount of fertilizer was pollinated to hanging melon. Fertilization should be stopped 20 days before harvest. General seedling stage thin water thin fertilizer to promote seedling growth, vine to fruit setting fertilizer and water should not be much, should be properly controlled, in order to facilitate fruit setting. After selecting melons, there should be sufficient fertilizer and water to promote fruit expansion. Heavy fertilizer should be applied 2-3 times in 15-25 days, 15-25 kg of imported compound fertilizer should be applied each time, and drenched with water, half-ditch water can be released in sunny days. Fertilization and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer should be avoided before and after heavy rain so as not to cause diseases.