Key points of cultivation of Gastrodia elata

The cultivation time of Gastrodia elata is generally from late October of that year to April of the following year. The sowing time is winter planting before soil freezing from late October to early December, and spring planting after soil thawing in March-April, and the sowing time in high-altitude mountain areas can be postponed to May. Second, the site selection cultivation site can choose any land such as the front and back of the house, wilderness slope land, orchard woodland, especially the sandy loam with strong permeability and water permeability is the best. The pH value of soil is 5-6. Third, the level of the border can be built on the spot according to the width of 80 cm, depth of 10 cm, unlimited length; the wilderness slope land is built into a ladder-type horizontal border depending on the slope topography, the distance between the border and the border is about 1 meter, and the trees and weeds on the border can be retained as far as possible, so as to facilitate shading and prevent the collapse of the border or ridge. Orchard woodland is built according to the topography, and drainage ditches are dug around. Fourth, sowing and cultivation, the fungus section tubes with a diameter of 5-8 cm and a length of 30 cm are arranged at the bottom of the border according to the square-shaped group of "field", and 15 cylinders are discharged per square meter. Then scatter the branches with a diameter of about 2 cm and a length of 10 cm in the open space of the mushroom box, and each square box will scatter the branches about 2 kg flat with the fungus. Then the seeds of Gastrodia elata were sown at both ends and both sides of each tube, and 66 seeds per square meter were sown at a fixed point of about 500 grams. Finally, fill the space of fungus and branches with moist sandy loam or rotten soil with PH value of 5-6 to cover the fungus 2 cm deep, cover the surface of the whole border soil with 10-20 cm thick dry branches and leaves, weeds and dredge the drainage ditch. 5. Key points of management (1) temperature management: the suitable temperature for Gastrodia elata production is 13-25 degrees (10 cm below the soil surface). In this temperature range, the higher the better. Temperature control is an important work in the wild cultivation and management of Gastrodia elata. To prevent freezing in winter, areas below 1000 meters above sea level can be covered with branches and leaves and weeds 10-20 centimeters thick after planting; areas above 1000 meters can thicken the mulch to 30 centimeters. Summer and autumn to prevent high temperature and drought, in addition to the use of shade to prevent high temperature, but also the use of water does not reduce the soil temperature. Replenish water after sunset and soil temperature drop. (2) Water management: the soil temperature from winter to the following spring (before Qingming Festival) is controlled at 10% Rue 20%. From April to June, the soil moisture increased by about 60%. Gastrodia elata entered the peak growing period from June to August, and the nutrient accumulation reached the peak. At this time, it is appropriate to preserve water and temperature, preserve soil moisture and drainage, and carry out comprehensive management. In September, the nutrition accumulation of Gastrodia elata entered the later stage and reached the physiological mature stage, at this time, the soil moisture of the border bed should be controlled below 40%, the soil temperature had dropped to 10 ℃ in late October, and Gastrodia elata entered the dormant period. About 7 kilograms of fresh Gastrodia elata can be collected per square meter. 6. pest control the main pests that harm the growth of Gastrodia elata are mole clam, white toad, white ant and so on. Prevention and control methods: first, when cultivating Gastrodia elata, 5% chlordane powder and "termites kill king" agent are sprinkled around the border bed; second, a patented product-termite control trap is selected to trap and kill termites.