Diseases and insect pests of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and their control techniques

(1) White silk disease is also known as "rotten sugar". In the high temperature and rainy season from April to June or August to September, especially in the soil with heavy clay and poor drainage, it was found that the white silk-like white hairs (the hyphae of half-known bacteria) gradually expanded from around the operation strain on the topsoil around the operation at the initial stage, covering the soil surface and soil gap. Millet and rice particles (sclerotia) were attached along the main root or detailed report along the main root or detailed report, and then gradually changed to yellowish and finally brown at 0.6-1cm off the soil surface, around the stalk and 16cm-20cm deep under the soil layer, milky white, then gradually turned yellowish and finally brown. when the disease was serious, the root of Atractylodes macrocephala rotted, the soil around the plant turned black, the smell was rotten, and spread quickly. Control methods: ① and Gramineae crop rotation. ② selected disease-free seeds and soaked the seeds with 1000 times solution of 50% bacillus. Before planting ③, the soil was treated with 15 kg pentachloronitrobenzene per hectare. ④ dug up the diseased plant in time and disinfected the disease hole with lime. ③ irrigated the disease area with 50% carbendazim or 50% methyl topiramate 1000 times. (2) Rhizoctonia solani is also called rotten stem blast. Seedling disease, early spring due to overcast and rain or soil consolidation, the disease is serious, the base of the injured seedlings is brown dry shrinkage depression, so that the seedlings fall down and die. Control method: ① soil disinfection, soil treatment with pentachloronitrobenzene per hectare before planting. During the onset of ②, the endemic area was irrigated with pentachloronitrobenzene 200x solution. (3) Iron leaf disease occurs on the leaves, and the leaves are iron-black. In the later stage, the center of the disease class is grayish white with small black spots. Control method: ① cleans up the field sanitation and burns the diseased leaves of residual plants. At the initial stage of the onset of ②, the patients were sprayed with 100 Bordeaux solution or 1000 times of 50% acetaminophen once every 10 days for 3 times. (4) Rust is also called yellow spot, with disease spots on the leaves, fusiform or nearly round, brown, with yellowish green halos. Yellow granules were produced at the spots of leaf back disease, and yellow powder appeared in the later stage of rupture. Control method: ① cleans the field and burns the diseased leaves of the residual plants. At the initial stage of the onset of ②, 97% rusty steel was sprayed with 300x liquid, or 0.2-0.3 Baumetu stone-sulfur mixture, once every 10 days for 2 times in a row. (5) Root rot, also known as dry rot, is a kind of half-known fungus in fungi, which harms the root and stem, makes the root and stem rot, and the vascular bundle system shows brown lesion. Control methods: ① and Gramineae rotation. ② was planted in a disease-free and robust plant, soaked in 1000 times of 50% bacilli for 3 minutes for 5 minutes, dried and seeded. During the onset of ③, 50% carbendazim or 50% methyl topiramate was used to irrigate the disease area. Dodder, also known as Rhizoma Scutellariae, is a parasitic seed plant, which occurs from the seeds of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. The disease was serious from July to August.