Viticulture video: Garden viticulture video pictures

The cultivation of grapes by using the courtyard and the open space in front and back of the house can not only increase economic benefits, but also relieve heat, shade and cool, green the courtyard and beautify the environment, so no matter in urban and rural housing, factories, schools, institutions. Can use the courtyard to grow grapes, is a very broad prospects for development production. First, the characteristics of courtyard grape cultivation 1, convenient management: because the grape belongs to vine fruit trees, it can make full use of space with the help of scaffolding, so it is very suitable for planting grapes in the courtyard, because it is planted in the courtyard. Members of the family, young and old, can make use of leisure time to tie vines in time to prevent diseases and pests, fertilize and water and other aspects of management, it is very convenient. 2. The result is early: because in the courtyard, the warmth is easy to form microclimate, which is beneficial to the growth of grapes, and the growing period of the larger field is prolonged. Because of sufficient fertilizer and water, fine management, early germination, rapid growth, deep roots and luxuriant leaves, strong photosynthesis, early fruit, stable yield, early maturity and excellent quality. 3. Beautify the environment: planting grapes in the courtyard not only earns a considerable income, but also provides people with a good place to cool in the hot summer. When the fruit is ripe, the color is intoxicating, refreshing and refreshing. 2. Cultivation shelf type 1. Inclined greenhouse frame can be used in the open courtyard and the front and back of the house, which can lead the branches to the roof space, and the construction will not affect the requirements of the grape scenery and the free movement of people under the frame, and can enjoy the cool in summer. Inclined greenhouse frame, generally 8-20 meters long, frame height changes greatly, leading to the scaffolding above the building, the root height is 1.5-2 meters, the tip height is 3-4.5 meters, the pillars are mostly cement columns or bamboo poles and so on. Cover with iron wire or other substitutes. 2. The small scaffolding is suitable for smaller courtyards, and the grapes are easy to cover the shelf surface, which is beneficial to the early high yield. generally, the shelf length is 4-6 meters, the root height is 1.3-1.5 meters, and the tip height is more than 1.8-2.2 meters. The distance between plants is about 0.5-2 meters. 3. A single high-stem Arbor is built in a quiet place in the courtyard with a square or round flat-top scaffolding with a height of 2 meters. A grape plant is planted in the middle with a high trunk and multiple main vines, and its branches are evenly distributed on the shelf surface to form a flat-roofed green leaf covered Arbor and a stone table stool under the shed, where people play chess to cool and have a unique flavor. 4, potted form if the courtyard soil is inconvenient or all cement floor, can use potted form, that is, potted grapes neatly placed on both sides of the aisle and other places, can still play the role of courtyard grapes. The selection of courtyard grape varieties must have strong stress resistance, early fruit easy to high yield, large fruit, high quality, easy to manage and suitable for scaffolding cultivation. Such as Jufeng, Chana, Red Fuji, Shengli, Italy and other varieties. 2. the quality of strong grape seedlings directly affects the survival, growth and development of courtyard grape seedlings, so seedlings with developed roots, stout branches, full bud eyes and no diseases and insect pests must be selected. In addition to disinfecting the seedlings with 3-degree stone-sulfur mixture, it is also necessary to trim the roots, that is, to cut off the overlong roots and moldy roots, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the new roots after planting. Prevent the occurrence of diseases. 3. To improve the soil and apply sufficient bottom fertilizer, the grape is suitable for sandy loam, and the soil layer should be deep. In the soil of many courtyards, sundries such as broken bricks, tiles, gravel and lime residue should be combined with turning the soil and digging planting holes to remove all the sundries. If the soil quality is really not good, it should also be cultivated in guest soil. Before planting, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, such as chicken manure, sheep manure, pig manure and human feces and urine. Each plant is about 100 jin. When fertilizing, the fertilizer and topsoil should be mixed evenly and first filled into the bottom of the planting hole, so that the root system can grow downward. During the period of grape growth and fruiting, in order not to affect the environmental hygiene of the courtyard, the best type of fertilization is chicken manure or fully rotten cake manure, and the method and time of fertilization are basically the same as those in the field. 4. Reasonable watering the courtyard to cultivate grapes, to prevent watering, but also often throw face washing water under the tree, which is not only unscientific, resulting in high soil moisture and disease breeding, but also face washing water contains soap that affects root growth, which is extremely disadvantageous to grapes. Courtyard grape watering should look at the sky, look at the ground, look at the growth of grape plants flexibly. However, it is guaranteed to water at least 3 times in the whole year, that is, before budding, during the growing period of young fruit expansion and before overwintering. 5, scaffolding plastic multi-purpose scaffolding parallel main vine shape, the same year or the second year of planting, choose 3-4 sturdy new shoots as the main vine, these main vines are tied parallel to the shelf surface at an interval of about 60 cm. Stay as long as possible when pruning in winter, and after sprouting in the next spring, the first shoot is used as an extended vine of the main vine, and it is still bound in a parallel direction. The back of the new tip according to the needs of the shelf surface, every 30 cm with a group of fruiting branches or lateral vines, until the branches are covered with the shelf surface, generally 2-3 years can be covered with the shelf surface. 6. Because the area of courtyard grape is small and the number of plants is small, once individual plants suffer from diseases and insect pests, it is easy to find, so artificial control methods such as removing diseased leaves, diseased fruits and killing pests can be taken in time. When diseases and insect pests occur seriously, spraying control should be carried out in time, and the specific methods and types of pesticides can be the same as those of general field cultivation. 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