How to plant hericium Erinaceus?

How to plant hericium Erinaceus? Please introduce the following methods for planting onion bacteria for reference: first, grasp the species character and determine that hericium Erinaceus is a medium-temperature fungus with low temperature and variable temperature in the cultivation season, the mycelium growth can be 10 ℃ 33 ℃, the optimum 25 ℃ 28 ℃; the fruiting body growth can be 12 ℃, the most suitable is 16 ℃. According to its biological characteristics, the Autumn Equinox (late September) should be inoculated to Lesser Snow (late November) to produce mushrooms in two batches, and another batch of mushrooms should be produced in the coming spring. The mountain area can also be inoculated in early spring in January, heated to culture, and grow mushrooms from March to April. Second, the selection of raw materials, the reasonable preparation of culture medium raw materials should be in accordance with the pollution-free edible fungus substrate conditions, fresh, no mildew deterioration, no toxic and harmful mycelium substances, additive content not more than 5%. More reasonable formula: ① sawdust 40%, cottonseed hull 40%, wheat bran 18%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%; ② cottonseed hull 82%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum powder 2%, gypsum fertilizer 1%; ③ cottonseed hull 38%, miscellaneous sawdust 20%, waste tube of Tremella fuciformis 20%, wheat bran 16%, corn meal 3%, oyster fertilizer 1%, gypsum powder 2%. The water content of the above formula is about 60%, and PH6 is suitable before sterilization. Cultivation bag specifications: 12.3 × 52 cm in spring and 13.5 × 56 cm in autumn. Bagging, sterilization and cooling are routine. Third, optimize the substrate, cultivate strong maternal hericium Erinaceus bag usually hit 3 Mel 4 inoculation points, inoculate strictly in accordance with aseptic operation, note that the bag temperature should be below 28 ℃ before inoculation; scrape off the surface aging mycelium and have formed tumor-like or coral-like fruiting body before inoculation; choose sunny night or early morning inoculation. After inoculation, from mycelium germination to mycelium culture, under suitable environmental conditions, the bag can be full in about 20ml for 25 days. In terms of management, the temperature was mainly adjusted. In the first 4 days after inoculation, the indoor temperature should be 26 ℃ 28 min. From the 5th day to 15 days, the room temperature should be adjusted to about 25 ℃, and after 16 days, it should be controlled at 20 ℃. The natural temperature of cultivation in spring is low, so heating can be adopted to promote the normal growth and development of hyphae, and pay attention to prevent high temperature in autumn. During the germicidal period, indoor dry culture is required, the air relative humidity is less than 70%, and pay attention to avoid light. Fourth, setting bags in the field and inducing directional emergence of hericium Erinaceus is an aerobic fungus, the cultivation place requires fresh air, and the field mushroom shed is ideal. After about 25 days of indoor cultivation, the mycelium matured, and then changed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Hericium Erinaceus usually begins to show primordia and differentiate into fruiting bodies before the mycelia are full, so we should pay attention to observation, move the bags to the field in time, remove the surface layer of the original bacteria, and induce them to produce mushrooms neatly. 5. Control the ecology and promote the improvement of the grade. 1. Adjust the temperature: after the bacteria bag is put into the field, the temperature should be reduced from the original fungus stage to the optimum temperature of 16 Mel and 20 ℃ for budding. In a suitable temperature environment, it can be harvested in 12 days from buds to mushrooms. When the temperature exceeds 23 ℃, cauliflower-shaped abnormal mushrooms or bald mushrooms without bristles will be formed, and the mushroom body will shrink when the temperature exceeds 25 ℃. Therefore, in the mushroom emergence stage, the following measures should be taken to control the temperature: (1) spray atomized water in space; (2) humidify the border and ditch irrigation; (3) thicken the shade cover; (4) stagger the ventilation time and open the film in the morning and evening. Open both ends of the film at noon to make the air flow smoothly. Create a suitable temperature to promote the smooth growth of young buds. 2. Control humidity: moisture must be managed scientifically during the growth and development of fruiting body, and different amounts of water should be sprayed according to different conditions, such as mushroom size, surface color, sunny climate and so on. Water spraying must be combined with ventilation to make the air fresh and the fruiting body thrive. However, it is necessary to strictly prevent excessive spraying of water blindly, resulting in mildew of the fruiting body. The cultivation site must take the following measures to create an air relative humidity suitable for 85%. (1) furrow irrigation to increase ground moisture; (2) spray head upside down, space spray; (3) cover the border bed with plastic film to keep moisture; (4) if it is cultivated in the shelf layer at the bud stage, the surface can be covered with wet gauze or newspaper to increase humidity. 3. Strengthen ventilation: hericium Erinaceus is an aerobic fungus, if the ventilation is poor, there will be coral-shaped deformed mushrooms, or miscellaneous bacteria breeding pollution. For this reason, the film should be ventilated for 30 minutes at 8 am every day, and the fruiting body should be ventilated in the morning and evening every day when it grows up, and the ventilation time should be extended appropriately. But avoid the wind blowing directly on the mushroom body, so as not to shrink. 4. Moderate illumination: during the growing period, there should be scattered light, usually 300 Mel 600 lux illuminance. The field shade shed grasps "three points of yang and seven points of yin, flowers and flowers shining in sunlight" to meet the needs of physical growth. Sixth, harvest at the right time. Skillfully manage the emergence of regenerated hericium Erinaceus from the bud to the maturity of the fruiting body. Under suitable environmental conditions, it can be harvested in 12 days. Some can also be matured ahead of time for 10 days. Signs of maturity: the mushroom body is white, the spines are rough, and the spores begin to eject, accumulating a thin layer of white powder on the surface of the bag. According to the requirements of hericium Erinaceus market, determine the maturity of harvest. Hericium Erinaceus can generally be harvested in 3 batches and some in 4 batches, but the first 1 Mel 2 batches have high yield and high grade, accounting for 80% of the total output. The cultivation method of regenerated mushrooms: after the first batch of mushrooms were harvested, stop spraying water for 3 days; uncover the film and ventilate for 12 hours to let the surface of the mushroom roots shrink after harvest to prevent mildew; and then adjust the temperature to 23 ℃ 25 min. Make the mycelium accumulate nutrients. The primordium appeared in about 5 days, and the young buds could be formed in about 10 days. At this time, the temperature was reduced to 16 ℃ and the air humidity was increased to about 90%, and the fruiting body grew healthily. The whole production cycle ends in 70 days under normal temperature, and the bioconversion rate is generally 90 / 100%. Click to get more cultivation techniques of hericium Erinaceus