What insect pests should be prevented in rose planting?

What insect pests should be prevented in rose planting? Please give an introduction to rose planting to prevent the following insect pests: first, yellow thorn moth. It belongs to the family Lepidoptera, which is also known as caterpillar, octagonal worm, octagonal jar, prickly spicy seed, and poisonous caterpillar. It is distributed in almost every province of the country. In addition to harming rose, it also harms many kinds of garden plants, such as begonia, jujube, bauhinia, mulberry, apple, pear, peach, apricot, Hawthorn, persimmon, pomegranate, elm and so on. 1. The damage characteristics of the young larvae gnawed on the mesophyll, making the leaves reticulate, forming white round translucent spots, which became large spots after a few days. When the larvae grow up, the leaves are eaten into notches and holes, and in severe cases, only the main veins and petioles remain, which become light-dried. In serious cases, it affects the growth and development of plants, and even causes death. The poisonous hair of the moth tickles. two。 Morphological characteristics: oval, flat, long diameter 1.4 to 1.5 mm, short diameter 0.9 mm. There are lines on the surface, yellow and white at first birth, and then yellowish. Prolific on the leaf surface, often into dozens of egg blocks. Pupa: 11 to 13 mm long, oval, hypertrophic, yellowish brown. The cocoon limestone is hard and oval, and there are several gray-white and brown longitudinal lines on the cocoon, like sparrow eggs, clinging to the branches. Larvae: mature larvae, 16 to 25 mm long, hypertrophic, oblong, yellowish green in color. The head is small, yellowish brown hidden below the first segment of the forechest. The front chest is broad, yellowish green, front chest shield, semilunar, with 1 black and brown spot on each side. There are 1 purple-brown dumbbell-shaped spots on the back of the body, and the edges are blue. After the second section of the carcass, there are 4 horizontal fleshy protuberances, upper spiny hairs and poisonous hairs, of which the 3, 4, 10 and 12 nodes are larger, and there are 9 pairs of branches below the two sides of the body. The valve is red-green, the upper and lower edges are dark green, the valve is yellowish, there are tumor-like protuberances on each segment on the side of the body, yellow hair on the upper part, and yellowish abdomen. There are two black spots on the gluteal plate, the chest foot is very small, the abdominal foot is degenerated, and there is a flat round "sucker" in the middle of the ventral surface of the 1st to 7th ventral segments. There are two blue vertical lines on each side of the middle of the body. Adults: 12 to 16 mm in length and 35 mm in wingspan. The body is hypertrophic, yellowish brown, and the back of the head, chest and abdomen is yellow. The antennae are filamentous grayish brown, and the lower lip is whiskers bent over the top of the head. The compound eye is spherical and black. There is a brown thin line from the vertex angle of the forewing to the base of the posterior edge and near the hip angle, the outside of the medial line is yellowish brown and the inside is yellow; there are brownish brown thin lines along the outer edge of the wing; there are two dark brown spots in the yellow area, one near the posterior edge and one slightly in front of the middle of the wing. The hind wings are yellowish brown, spotless and darker at the edge. The abdomen and back are yellowish brown and the feet are brown. 3. Living habits one generation a year in North China, overwintering with mature larvae in cocoons on branches and branches. The pupation began in the middle and late May of the following year, and the pupal period was about 15 days. Adults appeared in June, which were diurnal and phototactic, mating and spawning soon after Eclosion, eggs laid on the back of leaves, scattered production of a single grain, several grains per leaf, translucent. The egg period is about 7 days. In July, the larvae matured one after another and cocooned in the branches and other places to survive the winter. 4. Control methods (1) picking cocoons or smashing cocoons on tree trunks in autumn and winter to reduce insect sources; (2) trapping adults with insecticidal lamps during the occurrence of adults; (3) removing leaves and artificially killing larvae when larvae are damaged by clusters of larvae, pay attention to the poisonous hairs of the larvae. (4) Biological or biomimetic pesticides are selected before the 3rd instar of the larvae, such as Bt wettable powder with a content of 16000IU/ mg, 1.2% bitter tobacco EC 800 to 1000 times, 25% diflubenzuron suspension 1500 to 2000 times, 20% rice full suspension 1500 to 2000 times, etc. (5) larvae occur in a large area, which can be sprayed with 2000 to 3000 times, 2.5% of enemy killing 1500 to 2000 times, 50% phoxim EC 1000 to 1500 times, 20% chrysanthemum EC 1000 to 1500 times, and so on. (6) protect natural enemies, such as stinging moth Ziji wasp, mantis,  bug, etc. 2. APHIS gossypii, which belongs to the family Homoptera. In addition to harming the rose, it also harms the rose, ten sisters and other garden plants of the rose family. 1. The harmful symptoms are that the nymph and adult aphids cluster on the new shoots, tender leaves and flower buds, the growth of the injured young leaves and buds is stagnant, and it is not easy to stretch, and the ornamental value is often affected because the excreta adheres to the leaves. In serious cases, coal fouling disease is induced, resulting in plant death. two。 Morphological characteristics of wingless parthenogenetic aphids: large size, long oval shape, 4.2 mm long. Head yellow to light green, chest, abdomen grass green, sometimes orange-red. The marginal tumor is round, located in the forechest and the 2nd to 5th ventral segments, with obvious tile patterns on the back and ventral surface of the abdomen. The frontal tumor of the head is raised and protrudes outward in a "W" shape. The antennae are 6-segmented, filamentous, light-colored, with a total length of 3.9 mm, and the third section has 6 to 12 secondary sensory circles. The ventral tube is black, long cylindrical, with reticulated ends, and the rest are tile patterns, with a total length of 1.3 mm, about 2.5 times that of the tail. Tail conical, light-colored, with horizontal lines composed of small round protuberances on the surface, with 7 to 9 curly hairs. Winged parthenogenetic aphid: 3.5 mm long, slightly greenish, yellow in the middle chest, middle spot, lateral spot, marginal spot in each abdominal segment, and large and wide transverse spot in section 8. The antennae are 2.8 mm long, and there are 40 to 45 circular sensory circles in the third section, which are distributed in all segments and arranged in overlap. The wing veins are normal. The ventral canal is 0.76 mm long, twice as long as the tail, with 14 to 16 hairs. The other characteristics are similar to those of wingless parthenogenetic aphids. Nymph: the newly hatched nymph is about 1 mm long, initially white-green, gradually yellowish green, and ventral eyes red. 3. The life history and habits of Chinese rose aphids occur for 10 to 20 generations a year in North China, overwintering with adult and nymph aphids in the axils of flower stem stubble. After the spring rose germinated, the overwintering adult aphids propagated on the tender leaves of the new shoots, and began to harm the tender shoots from the first ten days of April, and the flower buds and leaves can sometimes be covered with a layer. Winged aphids occurred one after another since the middle of April, and the damaged plant rate and insect population density increased significantly. The first breeding peak was in the middle of May, and the insect population density decreased in high temperature and continuous rainy weather from July to August. The average temperature is about 20 ℃, the climate is dry, and when the relative humidity is 70% to 80% (that is, around May and October), the reproduction is the fastest and the harm is the most serious. 4. Control methods: (1) cut off all stems more than 10 to 15 cm from late October to early November after autumn; (2) Biological control: pay attention to protect natural enemies, use as few broad-spectrum pesticides as possible, and select suitable biological pesticides. 1.2% bitter tobacco EC can be used for spray control. (3) when the population density is high, spray 1000 times of phoxim, 1000 times of fenitrothion, 2000 to 2500 times of fenvalerate, 3000 times of aldicarb, 2500 to 3000 times of insecticide, 3000 to 4000 times of imidacloprid, etc. Pay attention to safety when spraying. (4) root application of 3% furan granule can effectively control aphids and other pests; (5) protect predatory natural enemies such as ladybugs, lacewings, aphid flies, and so on; (6) omethoate may cause drug damage to Rosaceae plants such as peach blossom, elm plum, pedicel begonia and so on. It is generally not used to control aphids on this kind of tree species. Third, the leaf peak of rose, which belongs to the family Hymenoptera. Also known as rose leaf wasp, rose three-leaf wasp, rose three-leaf wasp, yellow belly worm. China is mainly distributed in North China, South China, Southwest China, Central China, East China and other places. Rose leaf wasp not only harms rose, but also harms garden plants such as rose, yellow thorn rose, ten sisters, rose and so on. 1. The harmful symptoms are that the larvae bite the host leaves, and dozens of heads are often clustered on the leaves. In severe cases, the leaves can be eaten up, leaving only thick veins. The female lays eggs on the branches, which can wither the branches and greatly affect the normal growth of the rose and the ornamental value of the flowers. two。 Morphological characteristics of eggs: long oval, orange-yellow, about 1 mm long, thicker at one end, turning green before hatching. Pupa: brown on the head and chest, brown on the abdomen, about 9 mm long. Cocoon: oval, silky, about 11 mm long, grayish yellow. Larvae: 1st to 4th instar larvae are green, head, chest and feet are black, and 5th instar larvae have brown head. The mature larva is about 20 mm long and its head is orange. The antennae are thick and short, and the base is reddish. The chest and abdomen are yellow or orange, the buttocks are black, and bear fine bristles. There are 3 horizontal rows of dark brown hairy tumors on the back of chest segments 2 to 8, 6 in each row, obviously arranged in 6 vertical rows, and 1 to 2 rows of hairy tumors in the other segments, arranged vertically. There is a large black hairy tumor below the 2 to 8 valves in the chest and abdomen. Six pairs of abdominal feet were born on the abdominal segments 2 to 6 and the last segment. Adults: the female adult is 7 to 9 mm long and has a wingspan of 16 to 20 mm. Antennae 3.5 mm, 3 segments. The body, wings and feet are blue-black with metallic luster. The back of the middle chest showed a "×" depression. The abdomen is orange and yellow, with tongue-like black spots extending backward from the chest at the junction of the chest and abdomen. The ovipositor is double sickle-shaped and is divided into upper and lower flaps. The upper lobe has 8 spiral ridges and the lower lobe has 9 toothed ridges. The saw has 12 sharp serrations. When they do not lay eggs, they are hidden in the end of the abdomen. The male adult is slightly smaller than the female, with a body length of 5.5 to 7.5 mm and a wingspan of 13 to 16 mm. Antennae 4.5 mm. There are brown horizontal striations in the center of the back of abdominal segments 1 to 3 and 7. The front wings are black and translucent. Others are the same as female adults. 3. Living habits occur for two generations a year in North China, overwintering with mature larvae as cocoons in the soil. It pupated from April to May in the following year, the adults emerged from June to July, and the second generation of mature larvae were buried in the soil from September to October to overwinter. When spawning, the female adult uses a sickle-shaped oviposition tube to form a longitudinal crack in the new shoot of the host, which is arranged in two rows in the shape of "eight". Strips of oviposition marks of 2 to 2.5 cm can be seen on the outside, and the oviposition marks can be seen clearly after 3 to 5 days. Each female laid 30 to 40 eggs. After hatching, the new shoots were almost completely broken, blackened and folded, and the egg period was about 1 week. The newly hatched larvae do harm by climbing to the nearby leaves and have the habit of clustering. When they grow up, they feed separately and often raise the end of the abdomen. 4. Control methods: (1) digging cocoons near flowers and trees in winter and spring to kill overwintering larvae; (2) cutting off spawning shoots during the peak spawning period of adults; (3) artificially capturing larvae during larval occurrence; (4) in the stage of young larvae, biological pesticides can be applied with 500-700 times of 16000IU/ mg Bt wettable powder or 1.2% Sophora flavescens EC 800-1000 times, and the effect is better. (5) during the larval stage, chemical pesticides were used, such as spraying 80 to 1000 times of trichlorfon crystals, 1000 to 1200 times of phoxim EC and 2500 to 3000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC. Fourth, Chinese rose white wheel scale., also known as rose white round scale, quasi-rose white round scale, belongs to the family Homoptera. In addition to harming rose, it also harms rose, rose, yellow thorn plum and so on. 1. The harmful symptoms are that nymphs and female adults are fixed on the branches to absorb juice. when the occurrence is serious, the whole branch is covered with scale bodies, and the color of the injured area turns brown, resulting in the weakening of the tree. In serious cases, the plants are striped and even withered. two。 Morphological characteristics: purplish red, long oval, long diameter about 0.16 mm. Nymph: early nymph, orange-red body, oval. Dark purple with white wax filaments secreted on it. The antennae have 5 segments, and the end segment is the longest. There are l pairs of long hairs at the end of the abdomen. Adults: female shell gray-white, suborbicular, 2.0 to 2.4 mm in diameter. There are two shell points, the first shell point is light brown, near the edge of the shell, stacked on the second shell point; the second shell point is dark brown, close to the center of the shell. The male adult is 1.2 mm long and 1.0 mm wide, the head and chest are enlarged, the width of the middle chest is the widest, and the cephalic marginal process is obvious. The lateral edges of the posterior chest and gluteal anterior ventral segment were petaloid protruding, orange in the initial stage and purplish red in the later stage. There are 3 pairs of gluteal lobes, the middle lobe is located in the fossa of the gluteal plate, the base is yoked, the inner margin is straight, and the end half is tilted outward; the second and third leaves are dichotomous, and the end is round. There were 5 rows of dorsal glandular ducts, and the submiddle groups of the 2nd to 4th ventral segments were both anterior and posterior rows. 5 groups of peri-pudendal glands. The male mesocarp is 0.8 mm long and 0.3 mm wide, white, waxy, nearly parallel on both sides, with 3 longitudinal toplines on the back, and the shell point is located at the front. 3. Life history and habits occur for two generations a year in North China, overwintering in the branches of fertilized female adults and 2nd instar nymphs. It began to lay eggs in the first and middle April of the following year, and the eggs were laid under the shell. The peak incubation period was in the first half of May and the middle and last ten days of August, and the number of eggs laid per female was about 130 eggs. Adults and nymphs often cluster on more than 2-year-old branches or cortical cracks, and in serious cases, they seem to be covered with a layer of white flocs. After hatching, the nymphs crawl out of the shell and crawl slowly on the branches, molting and fixing the harm. At this time, the dark purple nymph can be clearly seen on the branches, and the wax filaments on the back of the body can be seen vaguely. There is an overlap of generations. 4. Control methods: (1) during the dormant period of rose, spraying Baume 5 degree lime sulfur mixture or turpentine mixture 8 to 10 times can effectively reduce the overwintering insect population density; (2) combined with pruning and other management, cut off the seriously damaged branches and leaves in time and concentrate and bury them deeply; (3) apply 3% furan granules and water after application. (4) within 7 days after the peak hatching period of nymphs, 1500 to 2000 times of 40% scale EC, 2000 times of imidacloprid soluble solution and 2500 times of pyrethroid pesticides were sprayed on branches and leaves when wax was not formed or waxy layer was just formed. Good results can be achieved when the above three agents are used alternately and sprayed every 7 to 10 days for 2 to 3 times in a row. The key to spraying is to seize the opportunity (nymph stage). Once the shell is formed, the spray is difficult to be effective. 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