Black fungus planting: how to grow Auricularia auricula?

How to plant white-backed fungus? Please introduce the environmental requirements of Auricularia auricula (1) temperature. The suitable temperature range for mycelium growth was 8-37 ℃, and the optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 25-28 ℃. The optimum temperature for fruiting body growth was 13-30 ℃, and the optimum temperature for fruiting body growth was 18-22 ℃. The earpiece grew fast above 26 ℃, but it was thin and red, and the product quality was poor. It grew slowly below 15 ℃ and stopped growing below 10 ℃. (2) moisture. The water content of the raw material matrix is about 58%, which can not be higher than 60% or less than 55%; the air relative humidity is about 75% in the fermentation period; and the fruiting body is 85% in the development period. 90%. (3) Air. Auricularia auricula is an aerobic fungus. Ventilation should be strengthened in both the fungus stage and the ear-producing period. Especially after the formation of ear buds, if the ventilation is poor, the concentration of carbon dioxide is too high, the ear piece is not easy to unfold, and the "chicken claw ear" loses its commercial value. (4) Light. The mycelium growth does not need light, and the optimum light intensity in the fruiting body growth period is 40-500 lux. (5) pH. The hyphae could grow between pH4-7, among which pH5-6.5was suitable. Cultivation techniques of Auricularia auricula: 1. PDA enrichment medium is better for strain production; sawdust, cottonseed hull, wheat, corncob and other raw materials can be used as culture media, and the water content is 50%. 60%. 2. Auricularia auricula is a medium-temperature fruiting fungus in the cultivation season. In order to have a longer harvest time, it is mainly cultivated in autumn. The best cultivation season can be selected according to the local meteorological data, and the suitable period for inoculation should be pushed forward one month when the natural temperature is stable at 23-25 ℃. 3. Bacterial bag production (1) Culture material formula: sawdust 85%, rice bran 85%; cotton husk 87%, wheat bran 10%; corncob 82%, rice bran 12%; rice straw (3mi 5cm long) 40%, rice husk 10%, cottonseed hull 20%, sawdust 12%, rice bran 15%. The above four formulations all add gypsum powder 1%, lime 2%, water content 58% Mel 60%. Raw materials should be fresh, mildew-free and moth-free. (2) all kinds of raw and auxiliary materials are weighed in proportion, fully mixed evenly, lime is dissolved in water, and then mixed with lime water to suitable water content, the heap is fermented for 3-4 days, the heap temperature reaches 65-70 ℃, and the heap is turned twice. At the end of fermentation, use 33 cm x 17 cm x 0.05 cm low-pressure polyethylene bag. When loading, the material should be packed tightly, and it is appropriate to hold the bacterial bag in hand without leaving a finger nest. Each bag contains 0.4 kg dry material and 0.9 kg wet weight. After loading, put on the bag mouth ring, plug with cotton plug, and sterilize immediately. (3) on the day of sterilization and inoculation, the bag should be sterilized under normal pressure in the sky pot, and the sterilization time should be kept at 100 ℃ for 10-l2 hours. Strict control of sterilization time is the key to the success or failure of cultivation. After sterilization, take out the stack in the inoculation room or plastic (11290,-105.00,-0.92%), seal and disinfect with aerosol disinfectant for 1 hour (4 grams per cubic meter of space). After the material temperature is cooled below 33 ℃, the "full open inoculation method" is adopted. This method has the advantages of fast inoculation speed and high benefit, and each bag can receive 40 bags of cultivation bags. 4. The main task of germicidal management is to adjust the temperature and humidity of the culture room, check and deal with miscellaneous bacteria. The cultivation of Auricularia auricula mainly depends on the natural climate to arrange production. In the germ season, the temperature is high, Rain Water is more, and the humidity is high. In the management, it is mainly to do a good job of cooling and humidification. The main measures are: strengthening ventilation and turning bags frequently. This can not only cool down, but also dehumidify. The indoor temperature is controlled below 33 ℃ and the relative humidity is controlled within 80%. During the germicidal period, the work of checking and dealing with miscellaneous bacteria should not be ignored. If Alternaria rubra is found, it should be removed and buried in time or burned with fire, and the bags contaminated by green mold and Aspergillus flavus should be cleared out and isolated and cultured to prevent spread. 5. Ear management 30-35 days after inoculation, the hyphae can be full of bags. When the natural temperature is below 25 ℃, the bag can be opened at the right time. The method of opening the bag is to use a sharp knife to cut the mouth of the bag 2cm away from the material surface in an oblique shape from top to bottom, so that there is a 1mi 2cm long "cap" on the top of the bag, and the bottom is in line with the material surface, so that water will not accumulate at the mouth of the bag when spraying water. After cutting the bag, the mouth of the bag intersects with the bottom of the bag with a height of 10-15 layers. At the same time, the water management is strengthened, the environmental humidity is improved, and the ventilation is appropriate. When the ear piece is rolled back in the mature stage, the amount of spraying water is gradually reduced until the water is completely stopped 2-3 days before harvest. 6. Harvesting and drying can be harvested when the earpiece rolls to 1 stroke 4-1 / 3. When harvesting, use a sharp knife to cut off the big ear piece at the pedicle head, leaving the small ear piece to continue to grow, do not damage the material surface. After a stubble of ears are collected, the bottom of the bag is cut open with a blade so that the ears can come out ahead of time. The drying of white-backed fungus can only be dried in the sun, and it can also be sold fresh. A total of 5-7 tide ears can be harvested, and the total bioconversion rate (yield) can reach more than 200%. A family cultivates 5000 bags in a season, which can produce 4000lu 4500kg of fresh ears. Click to get more Auricularia auricula planting techniques