How can planting yam be high-yielding?

How can planting yam be high-yielding? Is there a good way? Also ask experienced netizens to help introduce yam, also known as Dioscorea zingiberensis, yam eggs, yam, etc., yam has high nutritional value, has spleen, lung, kidney, essence and other functions, has a therapeutic effect on some diseases of the elderly, and the market demand is increasing year by year. Therefore, the farming network has sorted out ten methods for planting Chinese yam to obtain high yield, which are listed in detail below for netizens' reference. Method 1. Select excellent varieties of Chinese yam: to produce high-quality yam, new varieties such as disease resistance, strong stress resistance, fertilizer and water resistance, high yield, good quality and storage-resistant Zhenping yam, coarse cow leg yam, Nongda long yam No. 1, Nongda flat yam No. 1, Nongda frameless yam, Japanese white yam, Tianya Jia yam, flower seed yam and Japanese Daiwa taro should be selected. Method 2. Select high-quality land for planting: select the land with high topography, convenient drainage and irrigation, and shelter from the wind and sun; the sandy loam with a groundwater level below 4 meters, a plough layer thickness of more than 20 cm, a soil containing 2% organic matter and a total nitrogen of 0.15% is a high-yield field. Continuous cropping of Chinese yam is extremely avoided, especially heavy furrow planting, which can easily cause serious diseases and reduce yield due to the imbalance of soil nutrients. According to the survey, the output of continuous cropping has been reduced by more than 30% for two years, and by 40% to 50% for three years. Method 3. The method of digging ditch and applying fertilizer was adopted: 30 cm deep ploughing before winter to promote soil ripening. In the middle of February of the following year, trenches were dug according to the row spacing of 0.9: 1 meters, with a depth of 1.4 meters and a width of 0.25 meters. Immediately after digging, fill the soil back in the ditch, and pay attention to cleaning up the cement in the ditch when filling. Each filling is 30 cm thick and pressed once to prevent the border from collapsing in the rainy season and to avoid the bending of tuber branches after yam planting. After filling the ditch, use the remaining soil and mature high-quality ring fertilizer to mix evenly according to the soil fertilizer at 2:1, and build a soil ridge with a width of 0.5m and a height of 0.4m to prevent Rain Water from entering the ditch and causing collapse. Generally, 10000 kg of rotten high-quality ring fertilizer and chicken manure, 150kg of cake fertilizer, 50kg of superphosphate and 200kg of plant ash are applied every 667m2. The method of fertilization is to apply fertilizer evenly between the two ridges, turn it into the soil with a shovel, step on it and flatten it with your feet, and then complete the matching of the field water system according to the topography and landform, so as to facilitate drainage and waterlogging or irrigation in the dry season. Methods 4. Treatment of Chinese yam species: 1. Choose the upper segment of the tuber with bright color and luster more than 3 cm in diameter reserved before winter, or the upper mouth as the seed stem, the length of which is 35-40 cm. No mildew spot, no disease spot, no rot is required. The seed quality of yam is better than that of finished yam, and the yield is quite different. In the middle of March, take the upper tuber segments, each 15-20 cm long, then dip in the cut with quicklime powder and bask for 3-5 sunny days. 3. Put the cut yam outdoors and irradiate it with sunlight for 5-7 days to increase the bound water content of seeds and promote the formation of callus. The fourth is to "soak". Before planting, soak the seed stem with more than 40% carbendazim glue 300 times solution for 15 minutes, fish it out and dry it after planting. Method 5. Planting with plastic film: Chinese yam should be planted at the end of March and the beginning of April. The plant spacing is 0.23 to 0.25 meters, and the planting density is 2600 to 2900 plants per 667 square meters. The method of planting the stem is to open a ditch on the soil ridge, the ditch is 10 cm deep, put the seed stem or mouth flat in the ditch, cover the soil 5 cm thick, step on and level it, and then cover the plastic film. According to the multi-point investigation, the mulched seedlings can emerge early for about 15 days, and the seedlings emerge neatly, the stems and leaves grow fast, and the full shelf period is 33 days earlier. Method 6. Viaduct cultivation: generally, there is only one seedling from a stem of Chinese yam. If there are several seedlings, a strong vine should be left when the vine is 7 to 8 centimeters long, and the rest should be removed. April 10-20, Chinese yam emergence 5cm, timely break the membrane to release the seedlings, and seal the film to keep warm, strictly prevent burning seedlings and burning seedlings. When the vine is 30 centimeters high, build a herringbone support in time, the height of the support is 1.5 to 1.6 meters, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. If yam beans are not used, they should be erased as soon as possible. Increasing the height of the stent can effectively increase the leaf area coefficient and yield. According to the survey from 2004 to 2007, the leaf area coefficient of the stent height of 1.6 m was 1.5 times and 0.7 times higher than that of 0.5 m and 1 m, respectively, and the yam output per 667 square meters increased by 56.4% and 24.7%, respectively. Method 7. Cover grass between rows of Chinese yam: in mid-late June, 20 cm thick wheat straw can be covered between rows of Chinese yam, and the amount of covered grass is about 400 kg / 667 square meters, which can effectively eliminate weeds and conserve soil moisture and prevent drought. According to the investigation, there are 2 weeds per square meter of wheat grass, while the control is as high as 46, and the soil water content of 20 cm in the plough layer of grass cover is 18.17%. The control was 15.41%. Method 8. The method of fertilization and watering of Chinese yam: after the emergence of Chinese yam, the seedling fertilizer should be applied properly according to the seedling condition. Generally, 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 15 kg of calcium superphosphate can be applied every 667 square meters. In mid-June, entering the growing period of vines and potato tubers, when underground tubers began to expand rapidly, 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 20 kg of calcium superphosphate and 50 kg of plant ash should be applied every 667 square meters. In the middle of August, according to the plant growth and appearance for pest control, 1% urea and 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaves, once every 10 days, 3 times in a row for 4 times to prevent plant premature senescence. In the watering management of yam, attention should be paid to keeping the soil moist during the peak period of tuber growth, and if there is no drought, there will be no irrigation. Method 9, and the best way to prevent diseases and pests: before throwing the vine, 300-fold Dysen zinc was sprayed on the base of the stem to prevent anthracnose. After that, the spray was sprayed once every 7-10 days, about 2-3 times. In case of heavy rain or continuous rain in mid-July, make up spraying immediately after the weather clears up. Special attention should also be paid to the control of underground pests such as grubs, ground tigers and leaf-eating wasps. Grubs, ground tigers and third instar larvae were stacked in the evening with 500 times 50% phoxim mixed with fresh paulownia leaf poison bait, 120 piles per 667 square meters, 50 grams per pile. For example, leaf-eating wasps should carry out comprehensive control according to their living habits: 1. Fine soil preparation to eliminate winter pupae. 2. Improve the field microclimate and reduce the damage degree. 3. Kill larvae and eggs. 4. 1000 times liquid of 90% crystal trichlorfon and 20% rifampicin 4ml were sprayed on the leaves during the peak period of adults and the high bee hatching period of eggs. Method 10. Timely mining: around the end of October, the stem of Chinese yam basically stopped growing, and the withered leaves should be dug in time to avoid decay and deterioration. Where is the origin of Chinese yam? what about the itching of yam hands?