Pictures and videos of honeysuckle planting techniques

Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb) is a perennial semi-evergreen vine of honeysuckle family, also known as honeysuckle. The length of the vine can be up to 8 Mel 9 meters, and the stem is hollow. Leaves simple opposite, entire, ovate. Flowers born in pairs in leaf axils, with total pedicels, bracts leaflike; Corolla lip-shaped, upper lip 4-lobed erect, lower lip reversed; flowers at the beginning of blooming white, and then gradually become golden, florescence on the same vine of different ages of flowers yellow and white, hence the name "honeysuckle", florescence May-July. The berries are globose, black when ripe, and the fruit period is from August to October. There are 7 seeds in each fruit, and the weight of 1000 seeds is 3 Mel 5 grams. Honeysuckle has strong cold resistance and heat resistance, likes light, can also tolerate shade, has strong drought resistance, is not strict to the soil, and can grow in slightly acidic or alkaline soil. Therefore, it is widely distributed in China, ranging from Jilin and Liaoning in the north to Shaanxi in the west and Fujian in the south. It is distributed on hillsides and wastelands with an elevation of 200 mi 1000 meters. What are the functions of honeysuckle: 1. Medicinal value of honeysuckle: the buds of honeysuckle contain effective medicinal ingredients such as flavonoids, inositol, saponins, tannins and chlorogenic acid, and fresh vines and leaves contain tannins and flavonoids. These effective medicinal ingredients make honeysuckle have heat-clearing and detoxification and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. In clinic, it mainly treats respiratory diseases such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis and pneumonia, dysentery, sores and so on. 2. The health function of honeysuckle: honeysuckle buds and stems and leaves contain a variety of amino acids (total content is 8%), carbohydrates (more than 18%) and 8 kinds of essential trace elements (iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, cobalt, silicon). It has high nutritional value and strengthens the body's defense muscle energy, at the same time, because it has antibacterial, antiviral and other effective medicinal ingredients. At present, it has been widely used in the production of various health products, such as honeysuckle tea, honeysuckle wine, beverage, candy, toothpaste and so on. 3. The ornamental and soil and water conservation of honeysuckle honeysuckle has a long flowering period, yellow and white when it blossoms, fragrant and pleasant, with twining vines and luxuriant leaves. It is a good material for vertical greening and beautification in gardens, suitable for decorating porches, rockery and so on. In addition, after pruning, its branches and stems can also be used as stump bonsai. Honeysuckle has developed root system and many whisker roots. according to the investigation, its root system can reach a depth of more than 9 meters along the rock crevice of the mountain, and can extend more than 12 meters in all directions; its stem and leaf density is high, and its canopy cover capacity is strong. It has strong slope protection, soil consolidation, water conservation and water holding capacity, and is an excellent soil and water conservation plant. The methods of raising seedlings of Flos Lonicerae are as follows: 1. Seed propagation harvest fully mature fruits from plants or branches with strong growth and free of diseases and insect pests from August to October, scrub the fruits after harvest, bleach the peel and pulp with water, remove impurities after drying, and accumulate the pure seeds in the lower layer of 5 ℃ to sow the seeds in March-April of the following year. Before sowing, soak the seeds in 25 ℃ 35 mol lukewarm water for 24 hours, then mix them with wet sand at room temperature to promote germination. When 30% of the 40% of the seeds crack, the seeds can be inserted. It is appropriate to sow seeds with 100 grams per square meter. 2. Cutting propagation of honeysuckle can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn, and autumn is suitable for early September to mid-October. The nursery land should choose sandy loam or loam land with flat terrain, deep soil quality and convenient drainage and irrigation. Before raising seedlings, 5 cubic meters of mature organic fertilizer and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer were applied per mu. After ploughing, rake flat and fine in time, and prepare the soil to make beds. Cuttings should select 1-2-year-old strong, full branches, according to the length of the selected cuttings can be divided into short-branch cuttings and long-branch cuttings. Short-wood cuttings are often used for mass propagation of seedlings, while long-wood cuttings are often used for direct seeding or propagation of semi-finished seedlings. The length of long branch cuttings is 30 cm 40 cm, the length of short branch cuttings is about 25 cm, the thickness of cuttings is 0.5 cm 1.5 cm, each root has at least 3 nodes, the lower leaves are removed, the upper 2 leaves are left, the lower end is cut into a smooth bevel, every 50 cm 100 roots are tied into a small bundle, and the lower slope of honeysuckle cuttings is dipped in 500ppm indole acid solution for 5cm 10 seconds. Immediately after drying, the cuttings are cut on the flat rake bed. The long wood cuttage seedlings were trenched according to the row spacing of 30 cm, and the ditch depth was 25 cm. The introduction holes were made on the border surface with small wooden sticks or bamboo chopsticks every 3 cm, and then the cuttings length was obliquely inserted into the hole, compacted and pressed. This method can raise about 11000 seedlings per mu. The method of raising seedlings by short wood cuttings is roughly the same as that mentioned above, the distance between rows and plants can be reduced to 15 cm and 20 cm, and the seedlings can be raised by about 18000 plants per mu. Cuttings should be watered once on the same day or the next day to keep the soil moist, promote its rooting and sprouting, and timely ploughing and weeding. It took root and sprouted in about 20 days, and the seedlings raised by cuttings in summer and autumn were transplanted in the following spring. 3. Striping breeding is often carried out in summer and autumn. The 3 ~ 4-year-old honeysuckle with flowering, strong growth and high yield was selected as the mother plant. The 1-year-old branch near the ground is bent and buried in the soil, cut it in the part of the branch, cover 10-15cm fine fertilizer soil, pay attention to keep the soil moist, and then fix and press the branch so that the branch tip is exposed to the ground. If the branch is longer, it can be bent continuously and pressed into the soil. Under the pressure of rear service watering and fertilization, the rooted striped seedlings can be cut off from the mother in the following spring and planted separately. Compared with the traditional cutting propagation, this method not only can blossom 2 ~ 3 years earlier, maintain stable yield and promote yield increase, but also has the advantages of convenient operation and high survival rate. 4. Ramet propagation can be carried out in early spring or late autumn. As the growth of the mother plant will be inhibited to a certain extent after ramet, it should only be used in a small amount of propagation of wild fine varieties. Honeysuckle transplanting: when the seedling is 1 year old, it can be transplanted in the Spring Equinox to Grain Rain or in autumn and winter dormancy period. On the whole planting ground, dig holes according to row spacing 150 cm, plant spacing 120 cm, hole width 60 cm 70 cm, depth 40 cm 50 cm, each hole applied soil fertilizer 5 kg mixed with subsoil, then plant a strong seedling, fill fine soil compacted, firm, pour through the fixed root water. After survival, through shaping and pruning, creeping vines can form erect dwarf shrubs, which can increase branches and expand the crown, from one crop per year to four crops per year, and the yield is greatly increased. Honeysuckle management methods: 1. Ploughing and weeding. Tillage and weeding 3-4 times a year. The first time sprouting new leaves in spring, the second in June, the third from July to August, and the fourth in late autumn and early winter. Cultivate soil in the rhizosphere of the plant after weeding to facilitate overwintering. When ploughing, it should be shallow around the plant root and a little deeper in the distance to avoid root injury. After the third year, the times of weeding should be reduced appropriately according to the growth of weeds. 2. Fertilizer and water management of Flos Lonicerae: after germination in early spring and after picking flower buds, topdressing should be applied once. In spring and summer, rotten human and animal manure water or ammonium sulfate, urea and other nitrogen fertilizers were applied in shallow ditches beside the plants, and then covered with soil; in winter, 5-lO kg of rotten stable manure or compost, 100g of ammonium sulfate and 200g of calcium superphosphate were applied around the flower stump, and the soil was covered and cultivated, and the soil layer was thick 5cm. In the case of drought or too much Rain Water during flowering, it will cause a large number of falling flowers, retting flowers, rupture of young flowers and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in irrigation and drainage in time. 3. Shaping and pruning of Flos Lonicerae: after transplanting, only 1 strong seedling was left in each hole, which was pruned and cultivated into umbrella-shaped upright shrub. The specific methods of shaping and pruning are as follows: within 1-2 years after planting, the main method is to cultivate upright and sturdy trunk. When the trunk height is 30cm to 40cm, 4-5 sturdy branches are selected as the main branches, which are planted in two layers. In winter, 5-6 pairs of buds were retained in the primary branch from the main branch, and the upper part was cut off. After that, pick the hook-shaped tender branches from the flower branches growing from the first-class branches. If there is no hook-shaped shoot, do not remove it. Generally, the young branches with short and dense nodes and thin leaves germinated in the secondary branches or on the original old flower branches after spring are flower branches, which should be retained. Through shaping and pruning, honeysuckle has changed from the original winding growth to an umbrella-shaped shrub-shaped flower stump with sparse branches, uniform distribution, ventilation and light transmission, stout and upright trunk. Because honeysuckle has the characteristics that new branches can develop into flower branches in the same year, through the above pruning measures, it can promote more new branches and form more buds, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing production. According to the experiment, after "winter pruning", the yield of honeysuckle can be increased by 5-60%. Winter pruning is carried out every year from Frosts Descent to before freezing, and old branches, disease and insect branches, thin and weak branches, long branches that cross and disturb the shape of trees should also be cut off, so that nutrients are concentrated on producing new branches and forming buds. Summer pruning is also carried out after each crop of flowers is harvested. After each pruning, topdressing should be done once. Disease and pest control of Flos Lonicerae: 1. Aphid symptoms occurred in the first and middle of April, and propagated most rapidly at 15 ℃-25 ℃. The main stab sucks the sap of the plant, making the leaves yellowing, curling and shrinking, and when serious, it will cause no harvest. Control measures: remove weeds. Spraying with Baume 0.2 degree stone sulfur mixture before plant germination, and then Qingming, Grain Rain and the Beginning of Summer can cure aphids and many kinds of diseases and insect pests at the same time. The leaves spread out from late March to early April, and when aphids began to occur, 40% omethoate was sprayed 1500-2000 times, once in 5-7 days, several times in a row. Drugs are prohibited during the flowering period. you can spray 1 kg of washing powder with 10 kg of water or 100 kg of alcohol with water. 2. Control methods of coffee tiger longicorn beetles: during the spawning period, spray with 50% parathion EC 600-1000 times or 50% phosphorus gel EC 1500 times, once in 7 days-10 days, several times in succession. Cut off about 20 cm of the killed young stems and remove the withered plants and burn them centrally. 3. The harm of honeysuckle inchworm and its control methods: it occurs from June to September, and the larvae bite the leaves. Control method: clean the countryside in winter; the larvae are found to be sprayed with 80% dichlorvos EC 1000 times or 95% crystal trichlorfon 800-1000 times. 4. The harm and control methods of Flos Lonicerae brown spot: it occurred from June to September, especially in high temperature and humidity, which was harmful to the leaves. Control methods: often remove diseased branches and leaves; increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance; spray with 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 200 times Bordeaux solution or 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder at the initial stage of the disease. 5. The harm of white powder to honeysuckle: mainly to the leaves, sometimes to the stems and flowers. The disease spot on the leaf is a small white spot at first, and then expands into a white powdery spot. In the later stage, the whole leaf is covered with a layer of powdery powder, yellowing and even deciduous in severe cases; the upper part of the stem is brown, irregular, with white powder on it; the flowers are twisted and fall off seriously. The characteristics of powdery mildew: the pathogen overwintered on the residual body with ascomycetes, the ascospores were released for primary infection next year, and the conidia were produced for re-infection after the disease. Warm, dry or shaded between plants is easy to develop. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the disease will be serious alternately between dry and wet. According to the survey of the plant protection station, it began to appear in Zhongling on April 28, with an average powdery mildew rate of 8.9% on May 18, with a highest rate of 40.0%, an average of 17.0% on May 30, and a maximum of 20%. Control methods of powdery mildew: 1, breeding resistant varieties (varieties with thick branches, dense and short nodes, thick green leaves and dense villi, mostly varieties with strong disease resistance), 2, reasonable close planting, shaping and pruning, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions, can enhance disease resistance; 3, less nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 4. Use 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) 1500 times solution or 50% Rudox at the initial stage of the disease. Manganese and zinc 1000 times liquid or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800Mel 1000 times liquid spray control, once every 7 days, spray 2 times 3 times. 6. the harm of honeysuckle rust: tea-brown or dark brown spots appear on the back of the leaves after the damage; some also appear near-round disease spots on the leaf surface, and there is a small blister in the center, which can cause leaf death in severe cases. Methods for prevention and control of honeysuckle rust: after ① collection, withered plants and diseased leaves were collected and burned; at the initial stage of the onset of ②, 50% dinitrate powder was sprayed with 1000 times solution or 25% strychnine solution was sprayed twice to 3 times every 7 to 10 days. Honeysuckle harvest: 1, picking time: picking time is 9-12:00 last year, when there is dew and rainy days should not be picked, if there is drying equipment can also be picked. The green flower picked in the morning has the advantages of heavy white, easy drying, strong aroma, high commodity rate and good quality. The quality of flowers picked after noon and in cloudy days is poor, and the processing rate is low. From the process of flower development, the habit can be divided into green buds, green and white, large white needles, honeysuckle and golden flower wilting flowers. The upper part of the bud is enlarged and grows into a rod, which is better when it is bluish white, which is commonly known as the big white needle. At this time, the flowers are about to open, for the best picking time, high-quality goods can be processed. 2, picking method: pick with bamboo basket or rattan cage, can not be packed in cloth bags, plastic bags and cartons, to prevent heat and dampness, enzyme and protein fermentation, discoloration and mildew. Flower buds and flower tissue are very tender, must be picked gently, do not use hand stroking tight pressure, so as not to affect the quality. 3. Drying: drying immediately after harvest and drying on a sunny day. Use bamboo foil or straw mat to spread out to dry, the thickness is 1 cm, can not turn more. Put it in a bright place to dissipate heat and sweat when it is 70% dry, and then dry it again. So that the flowers do not become brittle and shabby. Dry at a mild temperature on cloudy and rainy days, first bake at 35 ℃-40 ℃ for 2 ℃ for 3 hours, and then rise to 50 ℃ to 9% dry without damage. Drying rooms should be built in large planting area and producing areas to strictly prevent mildew and improve the quality of goods. In general, 7 kilograms of dried flowers and 1 kilogram of goods. Honeysuckle classification: first-class: dry goods, buds are bracing, thick and thin, slightly curved, green-white surface, Corolla thick and slightly hard, hold it with a top feel; gas fragrance, sweet and slightly bitter taste. Open flowers, broken buds and yellow strips not more than 5%. No black stripes, blackheads, branches and leaves, impurities, moths, mildew; second-class: basically the same as first-class, but blooming flowers do not exceed 5%. Broken buds and yellow strips do not exceed 10%; third-class: dry, buds are rod-shaped, thick and thin, slightly curved, green-white or yellow-white on the surface, Corolla thick and hard, with a top feel. The breath is fragrant, and the taste is sweet and bitter. Bloom flowers, blackheads no more than 30%. No branches and leaves, impurities, moth, mildew; fourth class: dry goods. The bud or the open flower has both colors and lustre. No more than 3% of branches and leaves, no impurities, moths, mildew. Honeysuckle overwintering: honeysuckle can survive the winter naturally in most parts of our country, but when planting honeysuckle in cold areas such as Jilin, we should pay attention to protect the old branches. If the old branches are frozen to death, the new branches will be reissued the following year, resulting in less flowering and low yield. The specific method is to lie the old branches on the ground before freezing, cover the Artemisia grass 6 to 7 centimeters thick, cover the grass with soil, then survive the winter safely, and remove the mulch before germination in the following spring. Winter shearing methods of honeysuckle control methods of diseases and insect pests of honeysuckle