Characteristics and application methods of water-soluble fertilizer

In recent years, all kinds of water-soluble fertilizers have been on the market one after another. Many farmers and fertilizer marketers have asked about the characteristics and application methods of water-soluble fertilizers. For reference. Q: what is water-soluble fertilizer? What types do you have? What are the requirements of national or industry standards for product quality? Answer: water-soluble fertilizer refers to liquid or solid fertilizer that is dissolved or diluted by water and can be used for irrigation and fertilization, foliar fertilization, soilless cultivation and soaking seeds and dipping roots. China is a country with shortage of water resources and emphasizes the integrated management of water and fertilizer, so the development and rational application of water-soluble fertilizers is of great significance and broad prospects for development. Product types can be divided into a large number of element water-soluble fertilizers, trace element water-soluble fertilizers, humic acid water-soluble fertilizers, amino acid water-soluble fertilizers and so on. Chinese agricultural industry standards have clear requirements for the quality of related fertilizers. A large number of element water-soluble fertilizers refer to liquid or solid water-soluble fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as the main components and adding appropriate amounts of trace elements. The product quality should comply with the agricultural industry standard NY1107-2006. The standard stipulates that the content of large amount of elements in solid products shall not be less than 50%, and the content of trace elements shall not be less than 0.5%; the content of large elements in liquid products shall not be less than 500 grams / liter, and the content of trace elements shall not be less than 5 grams / liter. Trace element water-soluble fertilizer refers to the liquid or solid water-soluble fertilizer made of trace elements copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum according to the proportion suitable for crop growth, and its product quality must comply with the agricultural industry standard NY1428-2007. The standard stipulates that the content of trace elements in solid products shall not be less than 10%, and that in liquid products shall not be less than 100 grams / liter. Water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid is a kind of water-soluble fertilizer obtained by mixing amino acid with calcium and trace elements, which is mainly used as amino acid foliar fertilizer. The products can be divided into two types: trace element type and calcium element type. According to the technical standard NY1429-2007 of the Ministry of Agriculture, the content of free amino acids in trace element type water-soluble fertilizers containing amino acids, solid products and liquid products shall not be less than 10% and 100 g / L respectively; the total contents of at least two trace elements shall not be less than 2.0% and 20 g / L, respectively. There are also two kinds of calcium type amino acid water-soluble fertilizers: solid products and liquid products, each index is the same as the trace element type, only the calcium content, solid products and liquid products are not less than 3.0% and 30 g / L respectively. Water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is a kind of water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid. Humic acid is a kind of natural macromolecule organic matter formed by microbial decomposition, transformation and geochemical process of organic matter such as animal and plant residues, which is mostly extracted from peat, lignite and weathered coal. it can stimulate plant growth, improve soil fertility, improve nutrient availability and crop stress resistance. The quality of the products should conform to the agricultural industry standard NY1106-2006. The product is divided into Ⅰ type and Ⅱ type according to the humic acid content. According to the standard, the content of Ⅰ and Ⅱ humic acid in a large number of elemental solid products is not less than 3% and 4% respectively, and the content of a large number of elements is not less than 35% and 20% respectively. The content of Ⅰ and Ⅱ humic acid (g / L) in a large number of elemental liquid products is not less than 30 and 40 respectively, and the content of a large number of elements (g / L) is not less than 350 and 200 respectively. The humic acid content of solid products containing humic acid trace elements is not less than 3%, and the content of trace elements is not less than 6%. Q: how should water-soluble fertilizers be used reasonably? Answer: among the above water-soluble fertilizers, a large number of trace elements water-soluble fertilizers are mixed or poured with other fertilizers after proper dilution, which are mainly used as base fertilizer and topdressing, and can also be used for foliar spraying, flushing application, seed soaking, seed dressing and so on. Special attention should be paid to the application amount, dilution concentration and application method, so there are different requirements for different fertilizers, different application methods, different crops, different growth periods and so on. The application amount of a large number of element water-soluble fertilizers can be converted into water-soluble fertilizers on the basis of soil fertilization or nutrient application recommended by experts, and indicate whether the application amount refers to the original solution or diluted solution. As the utilization rate of water-soluble fertilizer is higher than that of conventional solid fertilizer, the amount of nutrient application should be reduced appropriately. The phenomenon of burning seeds and seedlings should be prevented because the concentration of fertilizer solution is too high or the fertilization position is improper. The water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is mainly used as base fertilizer after fertilizer is mixed with 0.02%-0.05% aqueous solution per mu and mixed with farm manure, and 0.01%-0.05% aqueous solution is used near the root for topdressing, soaking seeds and dipping roots, for example, soaking rapeseed in 0.01%-0.05% aqueous solution for 5 hours, etc.; amino acid fertilizer is mainly used as foliar fertilizer in application, and can also be used for seed soaking, seed dressing and dipping in seedling roots. The seeds are generally soaked in the diluent for 6 hours, then removed and dried before sowing; seed dressing is to spray the diluent evenly on the surface of the seeds, and then sow the seeds after 6 hours. Specific products should be done in strict accordance with the requirements of the product manual. Q: what are the characteristics of urea ammonium nitrate solution? How should it be used reasonably? A: at present, most of the urea and ammonium nitrate solutions in China's fertilizer market are imported products, containing 28% nitrogen (N) and 32% (by mass), including ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and amide nitrogen. Because it is completely soluble in water, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are beneficial to seedling emergence, and amide nitrogen can not be effective until 4 or 7 days after application, so the fertilizer has both quick effect and late effect, and the utilization rate is further improved. It is suitable for all kinds of crops, especially vegetables. The original solution can be diluted more than 3 times combined with soil preparation and organic fertilizer or soil mixed as base fertilizer, diluted more than 4 times combined with irrigation or irrigation as topdressing, diluted more than 50 times 100 times as foliar fertilizer, the smaller the seedling age, the greater the dilution multiple; it can also be used for sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. The application amount is generally estimated according to the above-mentioned method. Pay attention to the combination of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, do not flood irrigation and mix with alkaline fertilizer, the specific application method can be seen in the product manual. The importance of agricultural measures lies in adjusting measures to local conditions. It is suggested that farmers should first do a simple comparative experiment on fertilizers that they do not know or have not used in their own fields to test the effects of fertilizers and determine the most appropriate amount of fertilizer.