Excessive application of phosphate fertilizer does many harm
Proper application of phosphate fertilizer in phosphorus-deficient soil can effectively improve crop yield and quality, but excessive application will do more harm than good. The main hazards are as follows: 1. Excessive plant respiration and excessive consumption of phosphorus nutrition will greatly enhance crop respiration, resulting in excessive consumption of sugar and energy stored in crops. 2. Excessive application of calcium phosphate to induce zinc deficiency in soil will alkalize the soil, reduce the availability of zinc, and affect the absorption of zinc by crops. Albinism of corn and stiff seedlings of rice are the result of zinc deficiency in crops. At the same time, too much phosphorus application will lead to crop stunting. 3. The deficiency of silicon and molybdenum and silicon in plants plays a very positive role in the growth and high yield of many crops. For example, if silicon-loving rice can not absorb enough silicon from the soil, there will be symptoms of silicon deficiency, such as slender stems, lodging and poor disease resistance, and rice silicon deficiency is sometimes caused by a large amount of phosphorus application. When excessive phosphate fertilizer is applied, the phenomenon of "strong phosphorus and weak molybdenum" often occurs between phosphorus and molybdenum, which makes it impossible for crops to absorb and utilize phosphorus and molybdenum. 4. The accumulation of harmful elements phosphate fertilizer in soil mainly comes from phosphate rock, which contains many impurities, including cadmium, lead, fluorine and other harmful elements. Therefore, excessive application of phosphate fertilizer will lead to the increase of cadmium in soil, and this kind of cadmium has high availability and is easy to be absorbed by crops, thus causing harm to human beings and animals. Generally speaking, even if it is phosphorus-deficient soil, the application rate should not exceed 40 kg per mu, and the appropriate amount should be 30-35 kg. The aftereffect period of phosphate fertilizer is long, and the base fertilizer can be applied once every 2 ~ 3 years.
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How to distinguish between true and false phosphate fertilizer
1. The role of phosphorus: expansion element (main nutrition for crop root, stem, leaf and fruit expansion), energy for cell division. Deficiency symptoms: The most direct manifestation is that the size of crops in the field is different, especially the orchard performance is the most obvious, and now most fields will also behave like this.
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Scientific application of potash fertilizer
Potassium is one of the three elements of fertilizer, and the demand for potassium in many vegetables is often greater than that of nitrogen and phosphorus. The potassium content of well-growing vegetables is 2.5% of its dry matter content, which is higher than that of nitrogen and phosphorus. Most vegetables absorb more potassium than nitrogen. For example, the ratio of nitrogen to potassium absorbed by cucumbers is 1: (1.5-1.7), that of pumpkins is 2.1 and that of tomatoes is 1.
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