What to pay attention to when applying fertilizer

In fertilization, if chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer or biological bacterial fertilizer is applied alone, vegetables can not maintain a good growth state for a long time, because each kind of fertilizer has its own shortcomings: chemical fertilizer is concentrated and has a quick effect after application. however, long-term large-scale application will cause soil consolidation, salinization and other problems. Organic fertilizer has all nutrients, which can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure and fertilize the soil, but the nutrient content is low and the release is slow, so it can not supply enough nutrients in the later stage of vegetable growth; biological fertilizer can activate the fixed nutrient elements in the soil and stimulate the growth and absorption of roots, but it does not contain any nutrient elements, nor can it supply the nutrients needed for vegetable growth for a long time. After understanding the shortcomings of each kind of fertilizer, it can be concluded that the effect of combined application of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer is better than that of individual application. However, in order to achieve a better fertilization effect, we should pay attention to the following aspects: first of all, pay attention to the application time. The effect of organic fertilizer is slow and should be applied early. Generally, it is one-time basal application before sowing or planting of vegetables, and it is better to fully mature before application, and the effect of topdressing in the later stage is not as obvious as that of base fertilizer. The effect of chemical fertilizer is quick, and it should be applied about 7 days in advance as base fertilizer, and before the critical period of vegetable nutrition or the peak period of nutrition absorption, in order to meet its needs. Biological bacterial fertilizer can play the role of bacteriostasis only after a large number of reproduction in the soil, so it should be applied early on the premise of vegetable planting, so that it has time to reproduce and grow. Biological bacterial fertilizer can be applied to the soil together with organic fertilizer, and it can also be applied in holes before or during planting. Secondly, pay attention to the application method. The main function of organic fertilizer is to improve the soil and provide nutrients, which is generally applied to the soil as a base fertilizer, so it should be combined with deep ploughing to make the soil and organic fertilizer completely mixed in order to achieve the purpose of soil improvement. Because nitrogen is the main nutrient in organic fertilizer, when applying base fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer matched with organic fertilizer can be applied less, with 30% of nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer and 70% as topdressing. Potash fertilizer can be applied as base fertilizer at one time. Because of the poor mobility of phosphate fertilizer, the effect of topdressing in the later stage is not good, so it should also be applied to the soil as base fertilizer. It is best to use fully soluble available fertilizer so that the fertilizer can be quickly absorbed by vegetables after decomposition and has little effect on the soil. Because of its low dosage, biological bacterial fertilizer can be concentrated in the planting hole or with the basic application of organic fertilizer. In the later stage, the same biological fertilizer can be applied many times to strengthen the microflora, enhance its ability to dissolve phosphorus and potassium, and improve the effect of disease control. Finally, pay attention to the amount of application. Different vegetables in different growth stages, the amount of fertilizer required is different, can not be applied more nor less. There is a certain proportion of nutrients absorbed by vegetables, such as 1 ∶ 0.23 ∶ 1.52 for tomato, 1 ∶ 0.23 ∶ 1.7 for eggplant, 1 ∶ 0.25 ∶ 1.31 for pepper and 1 ∶ 0.3 ∶ 1.5 for cucumber. Therefore, fertilization should be carried out according to the different proportion of fertilizer required by vegetables. However, because the soil already contains some nutrient elements, it is best to carry out a soil test, according to the soil testing formula fertilization recommendations.