Application method of fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

As the saying goes, "there is no harvest in the water, more and less in the fat." This shows the importance of water and fertilizer to crops, and temperature is also a very important condition that affects the effect of fertilizer application, on the one hand, it can affect the transformation of fertilizer in soil and the accumulation of available nutrients; on the other hand, it also affects the growth status of crops and the respiration of roots, thus affecting the absorption, transport and utilization of nutrients by crops. At present, many places in our province are hot and dry, so it is suggested that farmers should apply fertilizer scientifically in order to improve fertilizer efficiency. Fertilizer varieties apply more phosphate fertilizer, on the one hand, phosphate fertilizer can be more effectively used at higher temperature, resulting in a good fertilizer effect; on the other hand, phosphate fertilizer can improve soil water use efficiency and promote each other. In addition, sufficient phosphorus can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and play the role of nourishing nitrogen with phosphorus. Reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, especially the carbon and ammonia which is easily decomposed by heat, because the carbon and ammonia which is easily decomposed by heat and the high concentration of nitrogen fertilizer are easy to cause crop seedling burning. The amount of fertilizer in the high temperature and dry season, under the strong light, the temperature of the exposed ground can reach 50 ℃, the evaporation is strong, and the concentration of surface water solution increases sharply. At this time, if the same amount of fertilizer is applied as in normal weather, the crop yield can not be maintained or increased, but is likely to be reduced. For example, when the precipitation is moderate, the application of 12 kg of pure nitrogen per mu of corn may achieve high yield, and it is at risk of reducing yield if the same amount of fertilizer is applied during high temperature and drought. Some farmers reported that last year's high temperature and drought, the level of fertilization of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz was the same as the year before last. As a result, the yield of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz decreased rather than increased, and the yield of those who did not apply fertilizer was higher than that of fertilization. Fertilization time in the morning, although the personnel feel more comfortable to operate, but with the rise of the sun, the temperature rises sharply, water is quickly evaporated, crop absorption time is short, fertilizer use efficiency is low; fertilization at noon, due to high temperature, is not conducive to fertilizer absorption and personnel operation. Fertilization in the evening is not only suitable for personnel operation, but also can make up for the shortcoming of short absorption time of crops (because the evening is a process of decreasing temperature, surface water evaporation is weakened, water retention time is long), and it is the best fertilization time.