How to apply water-soluble fertilizer correctly

Water-soluble fertilizer (WaterSolubleFertilizer, referred to as WSF) is a kind of multicomponent compound fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water. It can be quickly dissolved in water and can be easily absorbed by crops, and its absorption and utilization efficiency is relatively high. What is more important is that it can be used in facility agriculture such as spraying and drip irrigation to achieve the integration of water and fertilizer and achieve the efficiency of water-saving, fertilizer-saving and labor-saving. At present, water-soluble fertilizers are mainly used in drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, soilless cultivation, soil irrigation and foliar fertilization. In the actual production, for a certain plant, choosing the appropriate fertilizer formula and adopting the correct fertilization method at the right time can achieve twice the result with half the effort. How to apply water-soluble fertilizer correctly and improve the utilization rate of water-soluble fertilizer is a topic of concern to flower producers. According to my own experience, the author briefly introduces how to apply water-soluble fertilizer from the following eight aspects. 1. The best formula is selected according to the different growth stages of plants. The main results are as follows: (1) Seedling stage is the vegetative growth period of plants and the key period of plant growth. in order to make plants grow healthily, it is necessary to increase the content of nitrogen in fertilizer formula and consider the balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements to promote the growth of plant roots, stems and leaves. During this period, high nitrogen formula and balanced formula can be applied alternately. (2) Flower bud differentiation and flowering stage: phosphorus can promote root development and flowering of plants. In order to promote flower bud differentiation, make flower buds strong and increase the number of flowers, it is necessary to increase carbohydrates and increase the ratio of carbon to nitrogen. At this stage, it is recommended to use water-soluble fertilizer with high phosphorus formula. (3) the fruiting period of plant growth cycle: at this stage, fertilizers with high phosphorus and potassium contents should be applied, and calcium and magnesium should be supplemented at the same time. Huaduoduo 15-5-15-7CaO-3MgO can be applied at this time to improve quality. For fruiting crops, it can also increase the sugar content of fruit, enhance the disease resistance of fruit, make the fruit adapt to long-distance transportation and prolong the storage time. two。 According to the physiological characteristics of different plants, apply professional fertilizer to achieve what is needed and what to supplement. According to the physiological characteristics of plants, American Scotts Company has developed special fertilizer for production, such as poinsettia special formula fertilizer, boron-free formula fertilizer for pineapple cultivation and so on. The choice of special fertilizer by producers will have a good effect on improving the quality of products. 3. Fertilize according to the acidity and alkalinity of soil and nutrient solution. The pH of soil and nutrient solution will affect the availability of nutrients and the absorption of nutrients by plants. For example, the availability of phosphorus is the highest in the range of pH 6 to 7, while that of iron, copper, manganese and zinc is extremely high below pH 6 and very low above pH 7. At the same time, pH also affects the absorption of nutrients by roots. Under acidic conditions, roots mainly absorb anion nutrients, and roots have a strong ability to absorb cations in alkaline environment. The best pH range for the availability of most nutrient elements is 5.5-6.5. 4. According to the different cultivation media, targeted fertilization. Plant cultivation can be divided into two main categories: soil cultivation and soilless cultivation. Soilless culture includes sand culture, gravel culture, rock wool culture, peat culture, water culture, aerosol culture and so on. In soil cultivation, the soil itself can provide plants with certain nutrients, and the core of soilless cultivation is that the nutrient solution replaces the soil, and almost all the nutrient elements needed by the plant are provided by the nutrient solution. Therefore, the formula and dosage of fertilizer used in soil cultivation and soilless cultivation are different, so they should be used. 5. Try to achieve the mutual promotion and absorption of nutrient elements to prevent the occurrence of antagonism. The so-called antagonism means that although there are a sufficient number of ions of various elements in the plant growth environment, when their content is out of proportion, the ions of some elements will inhibit the absorption of other element ions, so that plants can not absorb or absorb less than some elements, resulting in physiological disorders. It has been found that univalent ions in cations can inhibit the absorption of high valent ions by plants, such as H + (hydrogen ion), NH4+ (ammonium ion) and K + (potassium ion). It has been found that univalent ions in cations can inhibit the absorption of high valent ions by plants, such as H + (hydrogen ion), NH4+ (ammonium ion) and K + (potassium ion). Among them, H + (hydrogen ion) and NH4+ (ammonium ion) have obvious inhibitory effect on Ca2+ (calcium ion). If the pH value of soil solution is too low (the concentration of H + is too high), the absorption of calcium will be blocked and the symptoms of calcium deficiency will appear. Monovalent cationic Na+ (sodium ion) can inhibit plant absorption of K + (potassium ion), divalent ion Ca2+ (calcium ion) will inhibit plant absorption of Mg2+ (magnesium ion), and anion Cl- (chloride ion) will inhibit plant absorption of NO3- (nitrate ion). 6. If the water quality is different, the fertilizers used should be adjusted relatively. Many flower producers ignore the effect of irrigation water quality on fertilizer efficiency. In fact, the composition of water should be the starting point for the formulation of fertilization plans. For example, for hard water, acid fertilizer should be used to correct the effect of bicarbonate, while soft water should be supplemented with calcium and magnesium. For example, Huaduoduo has some fertilizer formulations specifically for soft and hard water to solve the problems caused by different water quality. 7. Fertilization time should be before 10:00 in the morning, after 04:00 in the afternoon, to avoid fertilization in the sun, it is best to avoid fertilization in rainy days, especially foliar fertilizer, not in rainy days, in order to reduce fertilizer loss. 8. The best scheme should be selected for plant fertilization. With different plants, different fertilizers are selected and the fertilization period is also different. base fertilizer (controlled release fertilizer) and topdressing fertilizer (water soluble fertilizer) should be applied together. Only targeted fertilization can achieve low cost and high benefit.