Key points of safe use of herbicides in vegetable field

Weeds in vegetable fields are a harm to vegetable production. Manual weeding is both laborious and laborious. The majority of vegetable farmers need to use herbicides in vegetable production. However, there are many varieties of vegetables, short production period, high multiple cropping index, complex stubble, and many varieties of herbicides, which can easily cause drug damage or even no harvest if they are not used properly. Through several years of experiment, demonstration, investigation and research on herbicides, it is found that the following points must be achieved in the use of herbicides in vegetable fields: first, there are many varieties of herbicides that should be reasonably selected. Different herbicides have different herbicides, and different vegetables have different adaptability to herbicides, so it is very important to choose herbicides reasonably. According to the test and demonstration, the following herbicides are safe and low toxic to vegetables. ① 48% trifluralin EC, 100ml to 150ml per mu, suitable for Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, celery, radish, carrot, bean, cowpea, soil treatment before sowing and before planting tomato, pepper, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower. ② 25% herbicide wettable powder 300g / 400g for soil treatment before sowing of kidney beans, cowpeas, carrots, celery and coriander and before planting of cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers and cauliflower. It can also be mixed with 50% prometryne wettable powder for better effect. ③ 50% wettable powder 200g / mu is used for soil treatment of celery, old root leek, carrots and coriander before sowing. ④ 33% field supplement EC, 100,150ml per mu is suitable for soil treatment of kidney beans, potatoes, peas, leeks, cruciferous vegetables before sowing and eggplant vegetables. ⑤ 20% diachlor EC, 250ml / mu, suitable for soil treatment before sowing of radish, cabbage and kidney bean and before planting of eggplant, tomato, pepper, cabbage, potato and watermelon. Second, to improve the quality of drug use, the control effect of herbicides on weeds and the timing of the use of herbicides on vegetables are closely related to the quality of drug use, so we must pay attention to the following problems: ① to master the dosage. The "two accuracies" must be achieved, that is, the area of the field is accurate and the amount of charge is calculated accurately. In the fields with high content of organic matter, the herbicides are decomposed by microorganisms, and the clay can adsorb the herbicides, so the dosage of herbicides in this kind of fields should be increased appropriately, while that in lean fields and sandy fields should be reduced as appropriate. ② controlled the time of medication. Trifluralin, dimethachlor, herbicide, prometryne and Shitianbu are all soil treatment agents, which are mainly absorbed by the young roots and buds of weeds and inhibit the growth of weeds. It is generally applied after sowing before emergence or before planting. Jing Gao Ke is a stem and leaf treatment agent, which destroys the split tissue by absorbing the stems and leaves of weeds into the plant. The suitable time for application is from the third to the sixth leaf stage of Gramineae weeds. ③ soil treatment agents must be sprayed after rain or watering, that is, when the soil water content is 20% to 30%, after spraying trifluralin, the soil should be 2-3 cm deep to prevent photolysis. Other types of herbicides should generally protect the soil surface film and avoid soil mixing and trampling. ④ mastered the amount of water for drug use. The medicament is 25kg to 30kg per mu of water, it must be sprayed evenly, and the sprayer used has no running, emitting, dripping or leakage. When herbicides are used in ⑤ solar greenhouse and greenhouse, attention should be paid to ventilation at high temperature to avoid drug damage. ⑥ cucumber, lettuce and chrysanthemum chrysanthemum are sensitive to trifluralin and trimethoprim herbicides, celery and carrots are sensitive to diachlor, Liliaceae vegetables such as leek and scallions and spinach are sensitive to herbicide, and they are also sensitive to fields where these herbicides have been used in previous crops, so attention should be paid to avoid application and succession. The effect of herbicides to control weeds in vegetable fields and their safety to vegetables are closely related to local climate, soil quality, vegetable varieties and farming methods, so the use of each herbicide should follow the principle of "experiment, demonstration and popularization". In order to achieve the effect of labor-saving, safety, high efficiency and high yield.