How to apply potash fertilizer?

How to apply potash fertilizer? Potassium is an important element necessary for crop growth and development, but at present, most farmers have not formed the habit of actively using chemical potash fertilizer. According to the survey, more than 60% of the cultivated land in Pinglu County needs potassium, and the application of potash fertilizer has become an important technology for increasing agricultural production. First, the role of potash fertilizer potassium is a very active element in plants, mainly distributed in the most active metabolic organs and tissues, is the activator of a variety of enzymes. The main functions are: promoting photosynthesis, conducive to protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, etc., so as to improve the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, accelerate the flow and accumulation of synthetic products, and increase yield. Activate a variety of enzymes to make crops grow healthily and improve their ability to resist freezing, drought, disease and lodging. Second, the symptoms of potassium deficiency in crops are usually yellow on the edge of the leaves, and then turn brown, scorching like burning; brown spots or patches appear on the leaves, but the middle of the leaves, veins and places near the veins remain green, with the aggravation of the degree of potassium deficiency, the whole leaf becomes reddish brown or dry, necrotic and shedding, and some curl downward. Root damage is the most obvious, short and less, easy to early senescence, serious decay, crops are easy to lodge. When the cereal crops are deficient in potassium, brown spots appear in the lower leaves, and in severe cases, the same symptoms appear in the upper new leaves. The leaves are soft and drooping, and the stems are thin and weak and the internodes are short. The leaves of cruciferous and leguminous crops and cotton first appeared chlorosis between veins, and then turned yellow, showing variegated leaves. In severe cases, the leaf margin was scorched and curled downward, the brown spot developed inward along the veins, the leaf epidermis was dehydrated and wrinkled, and the leaf surface was arched. Gradually scorched off. The symptoms of potassium deficiency begin from the tip of the leaf, but the base of the leaf often remains dark green, which is sometimes similar to other symptoms and is difficult to determine. It should be determined by means of soil and plant test and analysis. Third, the main varieties of potash fertilizer commonly used chemical potash fertilizer are: potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, compound fertilizer, potassium magnesium sulfate and so on. 1. Potassium chloride fertilizer has white and red, soluble in water, has a certain degree of hygroscopicity, long-term storage will caking. The common potassium chloride fertilizer on the market generally contains about 60% potassium oxide. two。 Potassium sulfate fertilizer is a white crystal or powder, soluble in water, long-term storage is not easy to caking, is a kind of fertilizer containing both potassium and sulfur, generally contains about 50% potassium oxide. 3. Potassium nitrate fertilizer is white in color, soluble in water, easy to absorb moisture, easy to agglomerate, low ignition point and easy to explode. It is a fertilizer containing both potassium and nitrogen, generally containing 45% potassium oxide and about 13% nitrogen. Due to the high price of potassium nitrate fertilizer, it is rarely used in field food crops, and it is mainly sprayed on cash crops such as tobacco, melons and fruits, vegetables and so on. 4. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate white crystal, soluble in water, is a kind of fertilizer containing both potassium and phosphorus, generally containing 27% potassium oxide and 22% phosphorus pentoxide. In practical application, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is mainly used for seed soaking and foliar spraying. 5. Compound fertilizer N, P, K ternary compound fertilizer contains a certain proportion of potassium fertilizer, the content varies according to the formula. The raw material of potash fertilizer in compound fertilizer is mainly potassium chloride, so when farmers buy compound fertilizer, they must pay attention to check the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. According to the monitoring of cultivated land nutrients in recent years, the area of potassium deficiency in cultivated land in Pinglu County is expanding year by year, and more than 60% of the cultivated land needs potassium supplement. Therefore, in the application of potash fertilizer should pay attention to the following points: 1. The need for potassium fertilizer is determined according to the abundance and deficiency of potassium content in the soil. According to soil analysis and laboratory tests and existing data, determine whether the soil potassium content is below the critical value, usually the soil available potassium content of 100 mg / kg is the critical value. However, according to our many experiments, the application of potassium fertilizer can still increase the yield when the content of soil available potassium is more than 150 mg / kg. two。 The amount of potash fertilizer applied is determined according to the amount of potassium in the soil and the yield of crops. At the same time, the fertilization parameters should be modified according to the local reality. The target output should fully take into account the impact of the local climate, rainfall and other natural environment. 3. Basic application of potash fertilizer, at the same time, the combination of nitrogen and phosphorus. Potash fertilizer should be combined with organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and other fertilizers in order to play a better effect. 4. Foliar spraying potash fertilizer. When potassium fertilizer is not applied or the amount of potassium fertilizer is not enough, when crops show symptoms of potassium deficiency, 0.5%-1.0% solution such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and so on can be sprayed. 5. Potassium sulfate is suitable for all kinds of soil and crops, can be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, topdressing, strip application, hole application, spraying. Potassium chloride is suitable for soils other than saline-alkali soil, and should not be applied to taboo crops such as tobacco, so as not to increase salt and reduce the flammability of tobacco. Potassium chloride is generally used as the base fertilizer before sowing. 6. General dosage. The suitable amount of potassium supplement is different in different regions and different crops. high-yield grain fields generally need to apply potassium oxide 10-15 kg / mu, while potatoes, fruits and vegetables and other crops that like potassium or need more potassium generally need 15-15 kg / mu potassium oxide. Fifth, the effect of potash fertilizer application according to many years of experiments, reasonable application of potash fertilizer can not only increase crop yield, but also improve crop quality. In general, 1 kg potassium oxide can increase the yield of corn 6.5 kg 9.8 kg, lint 2.0 kg 3.0 kg, wheat 6.2 kg 9.3 kg, rape 2.2 kg 3.3 kg, peanut 3.2 kg 4.9 kg, fruit 15.7 kg 21.3 kg. At the same time, it can increase the protein content of grain crops by 0.9% 2%, crude fat content by 2.5%-5.5%, oil crop fat content by 0.5%-2.1%, cotton lint percentage by 0.05%-1.9%, fiber length by 0.32% 2.5 mm, lint index by 0.37% and 0.8%, and fiber strength increased significantly. The vitamin C content of fruits and vegetables increased by 1.86mg / kg, the reducing sugar content increased by 0.265 g / 100g, the acidity decreased by 0.024%, and the nitrate content decreased by 37.8%. It can improve the shape, size, color and flavor of fruits and vegetables, and enhance its storability. Click to get more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium application techniques click to get more fertilizer application techniques