How to apply plant growth regulators to fruits and vegetables

Scientific and rational use of several plant growth regulators can effectively control the growth of fruit trees and vegetables in different periods, improve their quality and yield, and increase economic benefits. Ethephon 1, physical and chemical properties. The pure product is white crystal, soluble in water and ethanol, insoluble in benzene and dichloroethane, stable in acid solution (pH < 3.5 = stable), and gradually decomposes and releases ethylene above pH 4.5. the decomposition rate increases with the increase of pH value. 2. Preparation. 40% water agent. 3. Scope of application and usage. Ethephon is a low toxic plant growth regulator. After use, it can enter the plant through the stem, leaf, flower and fruit of the plant, and release ethylene under the action of the cell sap. This exogenous ethylene plays the physiological function of the plant hormone ethylene. Has the ability to break seed dormancy. Controlling apical dominance, promoting female flower development, promoting fruit ripening and organ shedding can shorten crop growth period, dwarf crops, prevent lodging, accelerate ripening and increase yield, and improve quality. Ethephon can be used according to different crops and uses, such as foliar, fruit or whole plant spraying or impregnating fruit. ⑴ apple, pear ripening, 3-4 weeks before fruit ripening, spraying 40% water agent 800-1000 times liquid. ⑵ tomato ripening, when the fruit has not yet turned red green tomato, spray 800-1000 mg / kg solution. ⑶ cucumber and pumpkin increased the number of female flowers, spraying 100mg / kg liquid on 3-4 leaves for 1-2 times with an interval of 10 days. ⑷ persimmons are ripened and de-astringent. After harvest, dip them in 250-1000 mg / kg solution. 4. Points for attention. Ethephon has strong physiological activity, improper use, not only can not achieve effect, but also may produce drug damage. Therefore, the dosage should vary with variety, temperature, fertility and so on. In case of drought, lack of soil fertility, or other reasons for short plant growth, the concentration should be appropriately reduced; on the contrary, if Rain Water is more, the fertility is sufficient, the temperature is low, and can not mature normally, the concentration should be increased appropriately. Second, paclobutrazol 1, physical and chemical properties. The original drug is a white solid, insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It is stable to light, acid and alkali. 2. Preparation. 25% EC, 15% wettable powder. 3. Scope of application and usage. Paclobutrazol is an inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis, which can control crop growth, shorten internodes, reduce lodging, promote tillering, control shoots and protect fruit, and increase yield. Suitable for wheat, cotton, fruit trees, vegetables, rape and other crops. ⑴ fruit tree shoot control, spraying 400,800mg / kg solution within one week after half of peach fruit flowering, had significant dwarfing and shoot control effect. For apple trees, ring-shaped ditches can be opened under the crown with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 cm. According to the principle of exposing roots without hurting roots, 1-1.5 grams of active ingredients per square meter of crown are sprinkled into the ditch to cover the soil, and the soil is kept moist before or after application. For grape, the growth of new shoots can be inhibited and the yield can be increased by applying 2-3 grams of active ingredients in circular trench or spraying with 1500 mg / kg solution on each adult tree. ⑵ has obvious effect on strengthening seedlings when it is used in greenhouse vegetables. For ornamental plants, can adjust the plant type, more ornamental value, the concentration is 100-300 mg / kg. Gibberellin 1, physical and chemical properties. Industrial products are white crystalline powder, insoluble in water, benzene, nitrogen, etc., and soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone and phosphate buffer with pH 6.2. In the dry state, it is not easy to decompose, and its aqueous solution is easy to be destroyed and invalidated when the aqueous solution is more than 5 ℃. It is easy to decompose in case of alkali. 2. Preparation. 85% raw powder, 4% EC. 3. Scope of application and usage. Gibberellin is an efficient growth stimulant and a kind of exogenous gibberellin, which enters the plant through seeds, leaves, tender plants, flowers and fruits, and plays the same physiological function as endogenous gibberellin. It can promote plant cell growth, accelerate growth and development, mature earlier, increase yield, break seed dormancy, promote germination, change the ratio of female and male flowers, affect flowering time, reduce flower and fruit drop, and is an antagonist of paclobutrazol, dwarf and other growth inhibitors. It is suitable for grain, cotton, fruit trees, vegetables and other crops. ⑴ grape, after 7-10 days of full bloom, spraying ear when young fruit begins to grow, spraying 200mg / kg medicine solution for seedless purple grape and 200mg / kg medicine solution for Jufeng and rose grape, can increase fruit setting rate, increase fruit and increase yield significantly. Never use it before or during flowering. ⑵ watermelon, 2 leaves and 1 heart stage, spraying 5 mg / kg solution 1-2 times, can induce female flowers. ⑶ cucumber could induce female flowers by spraying 50-100mg / kg solution at one leaf stage for 1-2 times. ⑷ sweet potato can increase yield by soaking the root and stem of sweet potato seedlings with 20 mg / kg medicine solution for 10 minutes. ⑸ potato, soaking tuber in 0.5-1mg / kg solution for 10 minutes, sowing it out to dry and sowing, can make seedling emergence early for spring sowing potato, and promote dormant bud germination for summer sowing potato. If the soaking time is too long or the concentration is too high, it will produce inhibitory effect. ⑹ strawberry, 2 weeks before flower bud differentiation, spraying 20-50 mg / kg solution twice, each time with an interval of 5 days, can make the pedicel elongate and blossom earlier. 4. Points for attention. Gibberellin is insoluble in water, it should be dissolved with a small amount of alcohol before use, and then diluted to the required concentration, the aqueous solution can not be released for a long time. When gibberellin is used to promote fruit setting to stimulate growth, water and fertilizer should keep up in order to play its role in increasing production. Fourth, anti-falling hormone 1, physical and chemical properties. The raw powder is a white crystal with a slightly irritating sour taste and is soluble in water and most organic solvents. 2. Preparation. Raw powder, 10% EC. 3. Scope of application and usage. Fangluo is a kind of plant growth regulator. It can effectively inhibit the formation of abscisic acid in crops, so that it is not easy to produce a separation layer between fruit stalks, prevent flowers and fruits from falling, improve fruit setting rate, promote the development of young fruits, and mature earlier, which is suitable for melons and fruits. ⑴ fruit trees and apple trees were sprayed with 25-35 mg / kg solution at flowering stage, young fruit growth period, fruit drop period and 1 month before harvest. Spraying 30 mg / kg of grapes at flowering stage can increase the rate of fruit setting. ⑵ tomato and eggplant, spray 25-30 mg / kg solution at flowering stage, spray on flowers, avoid spraying on tender leaves. ⑶ pepper can protect flowers and fruits by spraying 20 mg / kg solution on flowers at flowering stage. Click to view more regulator use technology click to view more pesticide use technology