How to cultivate pollution-free ginger

1 sowing time

Ginger is not resistant to frost. The sowing date should be after the final frost and the ground temperature should be more than 16 ℃. In the suitable sowing season, it is better to sow early, sow late, the growing period is short, and the yield is obviously reduced.

Selection and treatment of two kinds of ginger

2.1 species of ginger. To grow ginger, you should choose strong pieces of ginger that are large, thick, non-dry, non-rotten, unfrozen and free of diseases and insect pests.

2.2 sprouting. In order to make ginger grow early and promote its emergence quickly and neatly, generally before sowing, sprout treatment: sun ginger and trapped ginger, generally in the north after the Qingming Festival, take out the stored ginger and put it in the sun for 1 day, to increase the temperature of ginger and reduce its water content, then pile ginger indoors for 3 days, cover grass curtain to maintain 11 ℃ ~ 16 ℃, promote nutrient decomposition, this process is called trapped ginger, usually after 2 days of ginger drying and trapped ginger can be germinated.

2.3 methods of sprouting. On the unheated Kang, a budding pool can be built with adobe, which is covered with wheat straw 10~14cm, surrounded by 3-4 layers of papyrus, and the selected ginger seeds are stacked in the pool with a thickness of about 50~60cm, covered with sacks and quilts to keep warm. In the process of sprouting, it is better to keep the temperature in the range of 20 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, 20 ℃ ~ 22 ℃ in the early stage, 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ in the middle stage, 22 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ in the later stage, and keep the relative humidity at 70% to 80%, which is beneficial to the formation of short and strong buds.

3 soil preparation, fertilization and sowing

3.1 Parcel selection. Ginger is the most suitable to be planted in the soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, rich organic matter, good ventilation and drainage, sandy loam soil is the best, neutral and slightly acidic soil grows well. And carry out crop rotation for more than 3 years.

3.2 fertilization. It is better to use rotten high-quality organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, using rotten barnyard manure 2000~3000kg and compound fertilizer 20~30kg per 667m2. Base fertilizer was applied according to row spacing 50~60cm, ditch width 25cm and ditch opening. After the dung and soil were mixed, the seeds could be sown. Before sowing, the germinated ginger was cut into small pieces of 35g and 50g, and a strong bud was retained on each piece. The size of the seed ginger has a significant effect on the yield. Generally, the seed 150~400kg is used per 667m2. Planting density: row spacing 55cm, plant spacing 17~20cm, 62507500 plants per 667m2 species. When sowing, first pour water through the border ditch, and then discharge the ginger seeds in the ditch after the water seeps. The ginger bud faces south and the soil is covered with thick 5~6cm.

4 field management

4.1 shading. Ginger is not tolerant to strong light and can be shaded by grass. When the soil is moist and soft after sowing, corn straw or corn straw is inserted on the south side of the ginger ditch to form a flower hedge to form a flower shade. The height is 70~80cm, which is pulled out after the Beginning of Autumn.

4.2 ploughing and weeding. Ginger root system is shallow, mainly distributed in the surface layer, should not be ploughed for many times, generally only after emergence combined with shallow watering and ploughing for 2 times, in order to loosen the soil and preserve soil moisture.

4.3 watering, topdressing and soil cultivation. The watering period and times of ginger vary according to the quality of the soil. Generally, when sowing, water is thoroughly watered until 80% of the seedlings emerge, and the first water should be timely and irrigated early after emergence. Soil consolidation is not conducive to the emergence of young buds, and too late ginger buds are not conducive to growth due to drought. The amount of water should not be large in the seedling stage, and it is appropriate to irrigate a small amount of water. the combination of hoeing and watering is beneficial to increase the ground temperature and promote the development of root system. Hot weather in summer, large evaporation, should be often watered to cool down, timely drainage after heavy rain to prevent stagnant water in the field. After autumn cool, ginger enters the exuberant growth period, the water demand is big, should keep the soil moist. For the long-term growth of ginger, it needs topdressing except basal fertilizer, topdressing seedling fertilizer at seedling height 13~16cm, topdressing ammonium bicarbonate per 667m2, topdressing seedlings with 1 to 2 branches and leaves, applying compound fertilizer 15~20kg per 667m2, heavy topdressing for ginger, and topdressing compound fertilizer 20~25kg per 667m2. Combined with heavy topdressing to cultivate the soil, combined with watering at the peak growth period to cultivate soil at any time.

5 harvest

Before the frost season, the aboveground stems and leaves are harvested before they are frozen.