Green vegetable cucumber is popular and its cultivation techniques are revealed.

1. Select early-maturing varieties. The cucumber varieties and F1 hybrids suitable for spring cucumber cultivation in open field were Luchun 32, Luchun 26, Zhongnong 4, Bichun, Jinchun 4, Jinchun 5 and Jinyan 4.

2. Early sowing in due time to cultivate large seedlings. Open field spring cucumber must be planted or sown in frost area after frost break (absolute frost break) and ground temperature is stable above 12℃. The suitable sowing time in Shandong area is early March, and the seedling method is cold bed nutrition pot. April 25 planting, seedling age 40-45 days, planting seedlings have 5-6 leaves, the first-3 nodes have appeared female flowers, so about the middle of May can be harvested.

The results showed that the yield of big seedlings cultivated in nutrient pot was higher than that of small seedlings. The reason is that the seedlings are sown late and transplanted late. Although the external climate is suitable after transplanting, the seedlings need to undergo a long period of vegetative growth before they can be transformed into reproductive growth. By adopting the method of cultivating large seedlings, the vegetative growth period of cucumber can be arranged on the seedling stage protected land, which solves the contradiction of long seedling age and slow seedling after transplanting. After transplanting, the seedlings can quickly enter the flowering and fruiting period and set fruit ahead of time, laying a foundation for high yield.

3. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and prepare the soil for bed. The amount of base fertilizer should be determined according to the fertility of the land. Generally, 15 days before planting, combined with cultivated land, 5000-7000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50-80 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied per mu to make the base fertilizer and soil fully mixed. It is required to make deep and high ridges, the height of the ridge is not less than 15 cm, and the arched ridge is built. The middle is high and the two sides are low. Deep grooves are used to facilitate timely drainage after heavy rain. It is also beneficial to irrigation in case of dry weather.

4. Proper close planting and elevated cultivation. The planting density of spring cucumber in open field depends on variety characteristics, soil fertility and growth period. Cucumbers planted with large seedlings generally do not grow excessively, and the density can be appropriately increased. Generally, 3500-4000 seedlings are planted per mu, and the main vine fruit melon varieties (Luchun 26, Luchun 32, Jinyan 4, etc.), the soil fertility is low, and in order to improve the early yield, it can be planted more densely, on the contrary, it should be planted sparsely. Generally, the row spacing is 60-75 cm, and the plant spacing is 25-35 cm. In order to prevent cold spring cold, promote early seedling, should choose cold tail warm head sunny weather afternoon planting. When planting, according to the predetermined row spacing, a planting ditch with a width of 13-15 cm and a depth of 8-10 cm is made, and the seedlings are placed in the ditch for 1-2 days, and the seedlings are slightly covered with soil so as not to be inclined. Then water along the ditch, the water depth is flush with the seedling lump, the water quantity should not be too large, after the water seeps down, seal the ditch with soil on both sides of the ditch, then cover the black plastic film, and lead the seedlings out of the film.

Strong winds in spring often damage seedlings. After planting, immediately insert the frame, with 1.7-2 meters of thin bamboo poles in the place about 10 cm away from the seedlings, insert 1 root per plant, insert into the "human" character frame. Then tie the vine, tie it once every 3-4 sections, tie the vine generally in the afternoon, you can avoid breaking the vine. When melon seedlings begin to bear melon, branches easily appear in the lower part, and all branches below 10 nodes are knocked out. Branches appear in the upper part, leaving 1 melon and 2 leaves for each branch to prevent melon seedlings from growing wildly. The tendrils are removed with the tendrils, and the melon seedlings are picked again when the racks are full, so as to promote the return of melons. The old leaves and diseased leaves in the lower part are picked together, which is beneficial to ventilation and disease reduction.

Fifth, apply fertilizer and water skillfully and manage scientifically. Watering generally master the early watering amount to be small, watering times to be small, late water to be large, watering times to be more, reflecting the principle of pre-control and post-promotion. After planting 4-5 days, irrigate 1 time of slow seedling water, but the amount of water should not be too large, because the ground temperature is low at that time. After that, watering should be controlled and squatting should be carried out for about 10 days. When the root melon grows and the melon turns darker, it resumes watering. This water is best manure dilute water, restore watering, the weather is not very hot, melon seedlings have not climbed to half of the shelf, generally 6-7 days to irrigate water, to the peak of melon, plant water demand, temperature gradually increased, every 3-4 days to irrigate water. As the weather turns hot, watering should be done early in the morning.

According to cucumber fertilizer requirements, in order to achieve the goal of early maturity and high yield, we should increase the amount of fertilizer, and adopt the principle of phased fertilization. The weather is not hot in the early stage, so it is better to apply organic fertilizer. After the weather turns hot, it is better to apply quick-acting chemical fertilizer. The amount of chemical fertilizer should not be too much. The urea should be applied every time by 10-15 kg per mu. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied after 1-2 times of water irrigation.

VI. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and extension of harvest period. Timely harvest, especially early harvest root melons, there are after-effects of yield increase. In the early stage of fruiting, harvest once every 3-4 days, harvest every day or every other day in full melon stage. According to the experiment, the yield of melon harvested every day in melon period can be increased by 32%, the defective melon can be reduced by 50%, and the total yield can be increased by about 7%. This not only ensures the quality of commercial melons, but also facilitates the rapid expansion of young melons and improves the rate of sitting melons.

Spring cucumber diseases and insect pests are mainly downy mildew, powdery mildew, aphids, leaf miner and so on. From the seedling just unearthed should be observed every day in the field disease, do early prevention, small prevention. Heavy spraying on affected plots to prevent spread. Especially after the rain, spray in time. If downy mildew occurs, spray 72% Pulick aqueous solution 1000 times, or spray 72% DuPont Clu 800 times, or 58% Redomil manganese zinc 700 times, or 80% ethyl phosphorus aluminum wettable powder 600 times; if powdery mildew occurs, spray 15% triadimefon 1500 times, or spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, once every 5-7 days, continuously spray 2-3 times. Aphids can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid WP 3000 times; leaf miner can be controlled by spraying 48% Lesben EC 1000 times.