Techniques for planting high quality potatoes in spring

The potato seed blocks are planted into the shed at the beginning of April every year. When the primary potato seedlings have grown to 2 inches high in May, they are transplanted to the field. The early potatoes can be harvested half a month earlier at the end of June. Its specific management techniques are as follows:

1. Cut into pieces and sprout seeds. Germination begins 20 days before sowing, at about the beginning of March. Potato seeds are cut into pieces with at least one bud in each piece. 10 - 15 pieces/jin is appropriate. After cutting, use small ash dry mix or carbendazim powder 1:200 times to soak in water for sterilization. After the seed blocks are dried, the seed bed is started to germinate. There are two methods: one is to germinate with sand in the corner of the house above 15℃ at room temperature, one layer of sand and one layer of seed blocks; the other is to dig pits for germination in the east-west direction of outdoor ventilated sunny place, the pit depth is about 25 cm, one layer of sand and one layer of seed blocks, three layers are appropriate, then cover with arched shed film and cover with straw curtain at night for heat preservation. The above two methods should be sprinkled 1~2 times during germination to prevent drying. When the buds grow to 0.5 - 1.0 cm long, start sowing.

2. Soil preparation and trenching. Check the soil moisture content before planting. If the soil moisture content is not good, irrigation ditch can be considered. The moisture generation period should be 7~10 days before planting. Potato planting is generally double furrow planting, trenching can be used when the large row 50 cm, 40 cm small row.

3. Sowing cover film. Spring equinox to Qingming is the best period, in this should be particularly proposed: virus-free potatoes can be early sowing, sowing before the spring equinox, plant spacing can be controlled at 20 cm. Before sowing, spray 1:10000 times water of octyl sulfuric acid along the ditch to prevent underground pests. Organic fertilizer can be directly sprinkled in the ditch or when soil preparation; chemical fertilizer can be divided into the ditch or sprinkled between the seed blocks (note that direct contact with the seed blocks is not allowed). When sowing, there are two ways to place the seed block into the ditch: one is to plant the bud downward, the potato roots grown by this method are strong, the potatoes are few but large, but the seedlings are 2 to 3 days late; the other method is to plant the bud upward, the potato roots grown by this method are relatively short, the potatoes are small but many, and the seedlings are 2 to 3 days early. After planting, soil is taken from both sides of the big row to cover the potato ditch and the space of the small row, and the micro-film is tightly compacted.

4. Management of seedling emergence and seedling stage. After clearing, about 20 days after sowing, there are seedlings exposed to soil. At this time, the micro-membrane can be broken at the seedling flushing place to prevent steaming seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm high, the membrane around the seedlings is tightly pressed with soil to keep the water pressure on the grass. Potatoes should not be watered in the early stage of growth, and then watered after seeing flowers. If there is no rain, it can be watered once every 10 days. Generally, it can be matured by watering 2 to 3 times. Stop watering 10 days before harvest. Seedling to prevent aphids or thrips and other pests.

5. Rational fertilization. Potatoes like to apply farm manure, 4000~5000 jin per 666.7 square meters is appropriate, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used together when applying chemical fertilizer appropriately. Potatoes need a large amount of potassium, scientific and reasonable nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer ratio is 1.85: 1: 2.1. Potatoes like to absorb ammonium nitrogen, sulfur absorption is more. According to experiments, every additional 1 kg of potassium sulfate fertilizer can increase the yield of potatoes by 100~150 kg.