Timely harvesting and soil Fertilizer and Water Management-- key points for the Management of medium-ripe Apple

At present, mid-ripe apple varieties have matured one after another, and the tree growth has entered a later stage. The key points of management in this period are as follows:

1. Mid-ripe varieties are harvested at the right time. Timely harvest is an important condition to ensure the quality and storage resistance of apples. Marshal varieties should be harvested about 145 days after falling flowers, that is, in early September, when the fruit is shiny and coloured comprehensively. Golden crown should be harvested about 155 days after falling flowers, that is, in mid-late September, when the fruit is yellow and green. Picking is generally carried out according to the order of the lower part of the crown then the upper part of the crown, the periphery of the crown and then the inner chamber of the crown, pay attention to protect the fruiting branches from trampling on the fruit branches and damaging the flower buds, the fruit should be intact, do not take off the fruit stalk, and handle the fruit gently to reduce crushing injury.

2. Soil, fertilizer and water management. The ploughing and loosening of the soil in the orchard should be strengthened to keep the soil loose and well ventilated, and to create a good soil environment for root growth and development. The base fertilizer should be applied in time after the mid-maturity varieties are harvested, and the base fertilizer can be partially used in the same year, which can improve the storage nutrition level of the tree in the same year. At this time, the root system entered the third growth peak, the root damaged by fertilization is easy to produce callus, also play a role in pruning the root system, but also promote the emergence of new roots. The base fertilizer is mainly rotten organic fertilizer, with an appropriate amount of quick-acting chemical fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruit trees, which accounts for 60% of the total fertilizer for the whole year. 2000ly2500 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to young trees per mu. 20 kg of urea and 100 kg of superphosphate are mixed with 20 kg of urea and 100 kg of superphosphate. For trees over 5 years old, 4000 kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu, plus 40 kg of 50 kg urea and 100150 kg of superphosphate. Circular ditch and strip ditch were adopted to apply fertilizer. To apply fertilizer in the annular trench, dig the annular trench at the outer edge of the crown with a width of 40ml 50cm and a depth of 40lc 60cm, mix and backfill the fertile soil at 1:3, and then cover the soil. Strip ditch fertilization, according to the size of the crown, between the rows of fruit trees, trees or interrow open 40 Mel 60 cm wide, 40 Mel 60 cm deep ditch fertilization. Water immediately after fertilizing. After the middle-ripe varieties were harvested, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.5% urea was sprayed on 15 leaves every 10 seconds to improve the photosynthetic function of leaves and delay defoliation. Properly control water supply and pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, so as to facilitate fruit coloring and improve appearance quality.