Reducing production loss-- Disease Control of Ginger leaves

In recent years, the occurrence of ginger leaf diseases is more common and serious, if not timely control, it will bring great losses to production.

I. types and diagnosis of diseases

There are four kinds of ginger leaf diseases.

1. Ginger leaf blight. After the damage to the leaves, yellow-brown withered spots were first produced in the diseased part, and then gradually spread to the whole leaf surface, and in severe cases, the leaves became brown and withered. The disease department often produces many small black spots, that is, the fungus ascomycetes.

2. Ginger spot disease. The infected leaves first appear yellow-white oval or irregular disease spots, the middle gray-white, the edge is brown, the size is about 2-5 mm. When it is wet, there are many scattered black dots on the spot, that is, the conidium. When dry, the disease part is cracked or perforated, and if many disease spots are connected, it can dry up some or all of the leaves.

3. Ginger anthracnose. Most of the infected leaves appear nearly round or irregular moist spots from the leaf tip or leaf edge, and connect with each other in the later stage to form irregular spots, which can dry up the leaves in severe cases. When the disease spot is damp, there are black and slightly rough small grain spots, that is, the conidia disk of bacteria. The disease can also harm the stem and leaf tip, forming short striped disease spots on the stem and leaf tip, and also long black small grain spots, which can make the leaves droop, but still remain green.

4. Ginger eye spot. First of all, brown dots are formed on the leaves, and then expand into fusiform, shaped like eyes, so it is called eye spot disease. The disease spot is grayish white, the edge is brown, the size of the disease spot is 5-10 mm × 3-4 mm, the yellow halo around the disease part is obvious or not obvious, when the humidity is high, both sides of the disease spot are dark gray to black mildew, that is, conidiophores and conidia of the pathogen.

2. Conditions for occurrence of diseases

All the above leaf diseases were caused by fungi. The pathogen mainly overwinters with disease remains in the soil and spreads through wind and rain, insects or agricultural operations. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the occurrence of diseases; continuous cropping land, over-dense planting, poor ventilation, excessive nitrogen fertilizer and overgrown plants are also conducive to the occurrence of diseases; low topography and thin soil are also conducive to the occurrence of diseases.

III. Prevention and control techniques

The prevention and control of ginger leaf diseases should be based on agricultural control and chemical control.

1. Agricultural prevention and control:

⑴ takes fertilizer and water management as the center for cultivation and disease prevention. Advocate the application of fully mature organic fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus, potash and organic fertilizer, and avoid partial or over-application of nitrogen fertilizer. Appropriate watering, timely ploughing and soil cultivation, timely removal of weeds and reduction of field humidity.

Rotation can be carried out in seriously ill areas of ⑵, preferably with Gramineae or legume crops for more than 3 years.

⑶ thoroughly cleared the diseased body in the field in autumn and winter. After the disease occurred in the field, the diseased leaves were removed in time and buried or burned.

2. Chemical control

Spraying chemical agents to prevent and cure the disease at the early stage of the disease, you can choose to spray 1000 times of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder, or 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, or 30% copper oxychloride suspension 300400 times, or 27% copper noble suspension 1500 times, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times, or anthrax Fumei wettable powder 1000 times Spray once every 7-8 days, 3-4 times in a row. Note that the above pesticides should be used in rotation.