Prevention of Diseases and Pests--Comprehensive Prevention Measures before Sowing of Chinese Cabbage

Taking comprehensive control measures before sowing Chinese cabbage can prevent the occurrence of many kinds of diseases and insect pests of Chinese cabbage.

1. Clean the countryside: focus on the prevention and control of aphids and cabbage insects on the previous vegetables, thoroughly remove weeds in the vegetable field, and centrally deal with the plants pulling seedlings, so as to reduce the sources of bacteria and insects and reduce the number of diseases and insect pests.

2. Stubble arrangement: eggplant fruits, melons, onions and garlic are suitable for the previous crop of Chinese cabbage to avoid continuous cropping or adjacent cropping with cruciferous vegetables.

3. Soil preparation and fertilization: increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance, so as to ensure the nutrition of Chinese cabbage during the growth period and enhance disease resistance. Promote direct seeding in high beds to facilitate drainage, prevent waterlogging and reduce dampness, and reduce the occurrence of downy mildew and soft rot.

4. Soil disinfection: land with serious underground pests is sprayed with 25% carbaryl 0.5-1 kg per mu, or mixed with 2.5% trichlorfon powder 3.5-4 kg, or 10-15 kg of phoxim poisonous soil (1100), and then turned into the soil.

5. selection of improved varieties: the selection of excellent varieties with high yield, high quality and disease resistance is the basis of high yield and harvest of Chinese cabbage. The varieties with better disease resistance and resistance were Beijing Xin3, Fengkang 70, Fengkang 80, Jinyu 75, Jinyu 80, Taiyuan Erqing and so on.

6. Seed disinfection: seed disinfection can be carried out by soaking seeds in warm soup. Soaking seeds in 50 ℃ warm water for 20-30 minutes before sowing, then immediately moving into cold water to cool down, and sowing seeds after drying can prevent the occurrence of diseases such as cabbage black spot, black rot, anthracnose and so on. It can also be mixed with 25% metalaxyl, 40-60 grams per 5 kg seed, or mixed with 0.4% seed weight of thiram or chlorothalonil to control downy mildew; seed dressing with antiviral agent No. 1 110 can prevent and cure virus disease at seedling stage.

7. Late sowing: Chinese cabbage is sowed too early, downy mildew, virus, soft rot and other diseases are often serious, late sowing diseases occur lightly, but the core is not solid, affecting the yield. Generally sowing 2-3 days after "the Beginning of Autumn", the occurrence of the disease is mild.