Several key points that must be grasped in raising pepper seedlings in summer and autumn

Chili pepper

In late summer and early autumn, the hot weather and strong light brought certain difficulties to pepper seedlings, but our vegetable farmers paid attention to strictly follow the technical operation flow, so that seedling raising was technical, management depended on science, and the following measures were taken to ensure the vigorous and healthy growth of pepper seedlings.

Pepper seedlings in summer and autumn should do a good job of seed treatment, natural room temperature germination, selection of hole plate sowing and other work, while mainly solving the problems of high temperature and drought, strong wind and rainstorm, preventing overgrowth of seedlings, prevention of diseases and insect pests and so on.

Seed treatment: after selecting a good variety, dry the seeds for 4 hours, then disinfect them with trisodium phosphate solution, and then soak them in clean water for about 8 hours. After being fished out, dry for a while, ready to sprout.

Room temperature sprouting: now the room temperature is generally about 30 ℃, which is the appropriate temperature for budding. Wrap the soaked seeds in cotton cloth and wrap them with a plastic film to moisturize. Rinse the seeds with clean water every half day, and then wrap them up to accelerate germination. It will take about 60 to 70 hours to sprout. When the bud is about 3 mm (at this time, the seed is said to be white), sowing is the best; if it can not be sowed in time, the seeds should be preserved under the condition of about 8 ℃, and the sowing conditions should be created as soon as possible.

The preparation of the hole plate: select the special seedling raising medium, each bag can hold 12 plates of 72 holes, and each plate can raise 72 seedlings. Vegetable farmers can calculate the number of seedling plates and seedling media needed according to their own needs. After mixing the seedling medium with appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, special biological micro-fertilizer and other trace elements, add water and stir evenly, then the hole plate is leveled (scraped flat with a straight board) to sow seeds.

This is the beginning of the work of raising seedlings, and the important thing to raise good seedlings is yet to come. Preventing high temperature and drought, heavy rain and stagnant water, growing seedlings and diseases and insect pests is the top priority of the whole work.

Pepper seedling raising

Prevention of high temperature: after sowing, pour the hole plate with water and spray Pulick, then cover with plastic film to moisturize. At this time, we should pay attention to shading and cooling, strictly prevent steaming seeds and affect seedling emergence. At this time, the daytime temperature should be below 30 ℃, and the night temperature should be below 18 ℃. When the seedlings emerge, the plastic film can be removed. With the growth of seedlings, the time of covering the sunshade net can be shortened, which is more conducive to the growth of seedlings.

Prevention of drought: after sowing and emergence, always pay attention to the humidity of the seedling bed, do not be too wet or too dry. Many vegetable farmers are afraid that the seedlings will grow too much and control watering, resulting in excessive drought of the burrow plate. At this time, they are injured due to the dehydration and drought of the capillary roots, affecting their absorptive capacity in the future and forming weak seedlings, which are susceptible to disease. Therefore, to properly watering, watering time should be in the sunny morning is the most appropriate.

Prevention of overgrowth of seedlings: no matter what crops grow excessively, it is due to weak light conditions, insufficient photosynthesis, high temperature, high humidity and so on. The main reasons for pepper seedling growth in summer are high night temperature, strong respiration, excessive consumption of nutrients, and sufficient nitrogen fertilizer and water. In addition, the seedlings are too dense to block each other from the sun, affecting photosynthesis. Therefore, in order to prevent the growth of seedlings, we should first prevent the night temperature from being too high and the humidity in the disk too high; then we should apply less nitrogen fertilizer when irrigating and applying fertilizer; and the third is to wait for the seedlings to grow to a certain size, enlarge the distance between points and plates, increase ventilation and light transmission, and enhance photosynthesis to prevent seedlings from growing.

Prevent the harm of rainstorm: if the seedbed is set up in the shed, generally choose one film and two nets to cover (plastic film plus sunshade net and insect prevention net) when there is heavy rain, the greenhouse film can be pulled down and buried to prevent Rain Water from drenching the seedlings and Rain Water to spread germs.

Prevention of diseases and insect pests: at this stage, as the external environment is more conducive to the occurrence of pests, so we should also strengthen the prevention and control of insect pests. For example, set up a strict insect control net in the seedling shed; use the tendency of pests to set up yellow board to lure aphids, whitefly and thrips, etc., and choose pesticides to control them if necessary. At this time, the diseases that should be prevented are seedling quenching disease, blight disease and virus disease in the middle growth stage. in addition to seed disinfection, seedling bed disinfection should be carried out, which can be sprinkled to Nong No. 4 or seedling fungus enemy mixed with Fengshou No. 1 after sowing, which can effectively restrain soil-borne seedling diseases, promote the development of roots at seedling stage, and make seedlings strong.