Correct diagnosis of vegetable drug damage and timely prevention and control measures

Spray vegetables

The wide application of pesticides in vegetable production has played a very important role for vegetable farmers to achieve high efficiency, but drug damage is common, which also brings some unnecessary losses for vegetable farmers. Therefore, mastering the types and symptoms of vegetable drug damage and taking timely prevention and control measures is a problem that can not be ignored in the safe use of pesticides. After consulting relevant experts, the author summarized the drug damage of vegetables into the following three types.

Residual drug damage

The characteristic of this kind of drug damage is that there is no drug damage to the crops in the current season after application, while the pesticide left in the soil will cause drug damage to the more sensitive crops in the next crop. For example, after using simazine herbicide in corn field, it is often harmful to rape, legumes and other crops in the next crop. This kind of drug damage mostly occurs in the next crop seed germination stage, light root tip, bud tip and other parts become brown or rotten, affecting normal growth; serious rotten seed rot, reduce the emergence rate or no seedling at all. This kind of drug damage is difficult to diagnose and easy to be confused with fat damage. Measures such as understanding the cultivation and management of previous crops, the use of pesticides and soil testing can be used to prevent the loss caused by misdiagnosis.

Chronic drug damage

After the application of this kind of medicine, the symptoms are not shown immediately, and it has a certain latent nature, which hinders the growth of vegetables and deteriorates the flavor of fruits. This kind of drug damage is often difficult to diagnose and is easy to be confused with other physiological diseases. In diagnosis, we can use the method of understanding the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, the type, quantity, area and plant control of pesticide application.

Acute drug damage

This kind of drug damage has the characteristics of rapid occurrence and obvious symptoms, which can appear within a few hours to a few days after application, such as spots, perforation, anxiety, curl, deformity, wilt, yellowing, green loss or albino in vegetable leaves. Root damage is characterized by short, thick and fat roots, sparse root hairs, yellow or thickened root bark, brittleness, decay and so on. Seed damage is characterized by inability to germinate or slow germination. The damage to the plant was characterized by falling flowers, buds, deformed fruit, smaller fruit, spots, brown fruit, rusty fruit, falling fruit and so on. This kind of drug damage is mostly caused by excessive use of pesticides or improper seed treatment.