Winter plant protection is very important how to prevent freezing and keep warm for vegetable crops

Measures for preventing frost and keeping warm of crops

The main winter crops are rape, spring grain, vegetables and other crops. Since the beginning of winter, the temperature is on the high side, the winter crop growth is exuberant, the leaves are bright green, and the warm winter makes the growth process of winter crops faster than in previous years, and the low temperature weather, on the one hand, helps to slow down the growth and development of winter crops, promote winter strength, alleviate winter drought, and kill some overwintering pests and bacteria; but on the other hand, it will also cause freezing damage. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, strive to reduce the negative impact of rain and snow cooling on agricultural production in winter, and focus on the following field management measures:

1. Cover straw to keep warm and prevent freezing. Before snow, evenly cover rice straw between rows of rape and broad pea and vegetables in open field, increase soil temperature, protect plants, prevent frost injury, and improve soil fertility. Where there are conditions, plant ash can also be applied to improve the freezing resistance of the plant. Greenhouse vegetables and other crops adopt heat preservation measures such as grass curtain, non-woven fabric, sunshade net or multi-layer mulching. In case of heavy snow, some vegetables should be harvested in time to avoid frost damage, snow pressure and reduce losses.

2. Catch the snow in time to reduce the freezing injury. Heavy snow will crush winter crops and aggravate frost damage, so it is necessary to mobilize farmers to rush to the fields in time to prevent mechanical damage to winter crops and reduce frost damage. To do a good job in strengthening vegetable greenhouses and other facilities, special personnel should be sent to manage and protect them, especially in the evening to remove the snow from the greenhouse in time to prevent the greenhouse from collapsing.

3. Clean up the ditches to prevent waterlogging. The rain and snow weather is easy to cause the soil collapse of the ditch. After snow, the ditch should be cleared immediately in the winter crop field to remove stagnant water, improve root activity and prevent waterlogging. The snow on both sides of the vegetable greenhouse should also be removed in time to prevent melting from absorbing a large amount of heat and reducing the temperature in the greenhouse, and timely trench drainage to prevent waterlogging damage.

4. Topdressing fertilizer to promote growth. For the fields with insufficient application of base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer and small seedlings, it is necessary to keep warm and frost-proof in winter, apply wax fertilizer dominated by farm manure as soon as possible, and apply appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the heavily frozen fields to promote plant growth as soon as possible. In the sunny weather after snow, the vegetable greenhouse should return to the curtain in time to prevent withering.

5. The occurrence of diseases of overwintering crops after snow should be controlled in time. Greenhouse vegetables should focus on the management of temperature and humidity and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, especially not partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer. Continuous rain, snow and low temperature weather, high humidity in the shed, we should pay attention to the occurrence and spread of vegetable and melon blight and gray mold.