Causes and Control methods of Flower and Fruit drop in muskmelon

Muskmelon

The fruit setting rate of muskmelon cultivated in greenhouse and double film is not high, and the drop of flower and fruit is very serious. According to the survey, the shedding rate of some melons is as high as more than 70%, especially the shedding rate of thick-skinned melons, which not only affects the yield and quality, but also delays the time to market and reduces the efficiency.

I. the causes of flower and fruit shedding

The main results are as follows: 1. Excessive application of base fertilizer, especially the partial application of available nitrogen fertilizer, caused overgrowth and inhibited flower bud differentiation.

2. A long period of low temperature restricts the development of reproductive organs.

3. The atmospheric humidity is high and the soil moisture is supersaturated, which not only affects the transpiration of leaves and the absorption and assimilation function of roots, but also makes it difficult for pollen to disperse or break up, which will hinder fertilization.

4. Insufficient light forced the elongation of internodes and petioles, poor differentiation of flower buds, less accumulation of nutrients, decrease of sugar content and deterioration of fruit quality.

II. Prevention and control methods

1. Improve the ecological environment. First, it is necessary to eliminate the waterlogging around the planting land to promote hair roots; the second is to clear and uncover the plastic film early and late to supplement light and heat preservation; third, it is necessary to open both ends of the plastic shed or the base of the greenhouse to supplement the scattering light source on rainy days.

2. Regulate the growth of melon vines. In the field where muskmelon has been overgrown, paclobutrazol is sprayed with 40 grams of wettable powder to water 50 kg per mu, or 10 ml per mu and 40 kg per mu to water, which can significantly inhibit the growth of melon vines and promote the hypertrophy of ovary. It is beneficial to fruit expansion.

3. Induce the female flower to set the melon. The female flower can be treated with Zigualing or Ziguoling, which can increase the fruit setting rate by more than 90%, that is, on the afternoon of the first day of flowering or the day when the female flower blossoms, sprinkle the embryo with 200 × 400 times of the wettable powder, or smear it on the fruit stalk with 10: 20 times of Zigualing solution.

4. Artificial pollination. Since muskmelon is an androgynous flower and a bisexual flower, two methods of artificial pollination can be used: one is to pick the male flower and pollinate it on the stigma of the female flower, each male flower can give 2 to 3 female flowers; the other is to stir gently on the female flower stigma with a dry brush, and the pollination time is at 7: 9 am every day.