How to manage the scientific illumination of fruit trees in greenhouse

Greenhouse fruit trees

The growth of fruit trees in the greenhouse needs good light, but the light intensity in the greenhouse is generally only 60% of that under natural conditions. At the same time, the natural light time in winter is short and the intensity is poor, which can not meet the needs of fruit tree growth. Therefore, if fruit trees planted in greenhouse want to achieve high yield and high efficiency, the problem of light in greenhouse must be solved first.

1. Select the greenhouse film and keep it clean

For greenhouse film, it is suitable to choose greenhouse film with good light transmittance, such as PVC drip-free long-life film and PVC fog film. The light transmittance can be increased by 20%, 30% without dripping film. The dust sundries and snow covered on the greenhouse film can be cleaned in time with a broom or a wooden pole or a motorized sprayer, which can enhance the lighting.

2. Selection and planting of tree species

Short tree species should be selected for planting. In order to improve the utilization rate of light energy, it is necessary to plant trees in the north-south and cultivate trees with high ridges. The tree population should be the height of the north, and the southernmost tree is the lowest, forming a slope that is high in the north and low in the south.

3. Shaping, pruning, ventilation and light transmission

For the fixed stem height of the seedlings, the front tree in the shed is lower and the rear tree is higher. The shape of the tree is best to cultivate a main branch along the east-west direction to form a "ya" zigzag tree. Through pruning, a ventilated and transparent tree structure is built, so that all kinds of branches in the crown are evenly distributed.

4. Increase the light

Uncover the grass 1 hour after sunrise and cover the grass after sunset. In continuous cloudy days, snowy days and insufficient lighting, supplementary light sources should be installed to increase lighting (such as high-pressure sodium lamps, red lights, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc.). If you use incandescent lamps, install at least two 500-watt incandescent lamps in a shed. From the beginning of the fruit tree leaf exhibition, before the curtain is opened in the morning or after the curtain is covered in the evening, turn on the light and make up the light for no more than 3 hours a day.

5. Lay reflective film and hang reflective screen

By laying reflective film, the average coloring index can be increased by 25% and 30%. Reflective film is usually laid 20-25 days before fruit coloring. The reflective film should be laid along the direction of the tree and laid on both sides of the tree. The outer edge of the reflective film is in line with the outer edge of the crown, which can give full play to the effect of the reflective film. The reflective film can be used as a reflective screen, which can be affixed to the back wall of the greenhouse, which can increase the light by 20% and 30%.