Analysis on Water consumption of Winter Wheat at different growth stages

Wheat

Water plays a very important role in the life of wheat. According to research, it takes about 1000 to 1200 kilograms of water for every kilogram of wheat to be produced, of which 30% and 40% are evaporated by the ground. During the growing period of wheat, the precipitation is only about 1 / 10 of the amount of water needed. Therefore, irrigation in different periods of wheat fields and taking measures to resist drought and preserve soil moisture are of great significance to supplement the water needs of wheat. The experiment shows that the water consumption of winter wheat at each growth stage has the following characteristics:

1. From sowing to jointing, the plant is small, the temperature is low, the ground evaporation is small, and the water consumption accounts for 35% to 40% of the water consumption during the whole growth period, and the average daily water consumption per mu is about 0.4 cubic meters.

two。 From jointing to heading, entering the period of exuberant growth, water consumption increased sharply. Within 25-30 days, water consumption accounts for 20%-25% of the total water consumption, and the daily water consumption per mu is 2.2-3.4 cubic meters. This period is the critical period of wheat water demand, if the lack of water will seriously reduce the yield.

3. From heading to maturity, about 35-40 days, water consumption accounts for 26%-42% of the total water consumption, and daily water consumption is slightly higher than that of the previous section. Especially before and after heading, the stems and leaves grow rapidly, the green area reaches the maximum value in life, and the daily water consumption is about 4 cubic meters. It can be seen that in addition to sowing, wheat consumes less water at seedling stage and early jointing stage, and the most water consumption from jointing stage to heading stage, in which the flag stage is the most sensitive to water, which is called the "critical period" of water demand; the second is from flowering to filling, which is called the "second critical period", and the water consumption in the mature stage decreases. Therefore, it is very important to meet the water supply of wheat in the critical period of wheat water demand as much as possible.

In addition, although the water consumption of wheat before jointing is relatively small, the water supply in this period is very important to realize the whole seedling, uniform seedling, strong seedling, disk root and tiller, and to build a high-yield shelf. The agricultural proverb: "the eighth, tenth and third (lunar month) rain of wheat harvest" is the objective summary of the experience of wheat production in the long-term production practice.