Eel, Loach, silver carp and bighead carp lotus root, four fish and one plant grow fast in the same pond.

In recent years, professional farmers in Liaozhong County, Liaoning Province have broken the traditional breeding methods, reformed the planting and breeding system, and carried out three-dimensional development with multiple and compound structures. According to the principle of ecology, farmers adopt lotus root ecology as double cultivation, and the income of lotus root pond is increased by 2 ~ 3 times.

I. Pond construction

Choose ponds with adequate water sources, unobstructed water intake and drainage, pollution-free water quality, fertile soil, flat terrain and strong water retention. The natural pond area is 10 mu ~ 20 mu, the pond depth is 1 m ~ 1.5 m, and the silt thickness at the bottom of the pond is 20 cm ~ 40 cm. Mix a certain amount of plant straw and pig, cow and chicken manure in the mud in winter; build a pond foundation of more than 70 cm high to prevent the pond water from overflowing and seedlings escape in case of heavy rain; if possible, build an anti-escape wall of 50 cm ~ 70 cm high with bricks and cement, and the top of the wall is covered with horizontal bricks into a "T" shape to avoid the escape of rice field eel with tail hook wall. Inside and outside the wall are coated with a layer of cement slurry to plug the loophole, and stainless steel metal close-eye blocking is placed at the inlet and outlet. The lowest water depth is 15 cm, which is good for eel and Loach to feed and breathe. When planting lotus roots in spring, the number of lotus roots should be reduced to prevent too many lotus leaves from blocking the sun, and an appropriate amount of lotus leaves is conducive to cooling the pond to avoid summer heat. Generally use 200 kg ~ 300 kg lotus root per mu.

2. Stocking of seedlings

The eel species with strong body, no disease, no injury, uniform size, yellow on the back of the body and dark brown spots were selected for stocking, with a specification of about 30 eels per kilogram and 3000 to 5000 eels per mu. Loach seedling size 0.5g, strive to be the same size, 6000 ~ 10000 per mu. Suitable breeding of silver carp and bighead carp, the specification is 10 ~ 15 per kilogram, 500 ~ 700 per mu. The summer flowers of silver carp and bighead carp were released before and after June, and 700 ~ 2000 fish per mu were used as live bait for ricefield eel and Loach, but not green and carp. Lotus root can also be used to raise grass carp, the implementation of "duckweed grass", the need to feed fresh duckweed and forage every day, grass carp feed can not be interrupted or less, so as to avoid grass carp to eat lotus leaves, resulting in losses.

3. Feed feeding

Ricefield eel is mainly based on animal feed, such as earthworms, fly maggots, small fish, shrimp, yellow powder insects or offal of pigs and poultry, supplemented by plant bait, such as bean cake, wheat bran, duckweed, scraps of tofu workshop, etc. The feed should be fresh, but the spoiled feed should not be fed. The newly released eel seedlings were first fed with small animal bait, and then fed with compound feed after domestication. Eel seedlings should be released first in the lotus root pond, and then Loach seedlings should be released after adapting to the compound feed. If eel and Loach seedlings are released at the same time, it must affect the domestication of eel. Loach is mainly based on plant feed, such as water plants, vegetable leaves, rice bran, bean cake supplemented with animal bait and formula feed, the feeding amount is 5% of the body weight. For silver carp and bighead carp, fermented dung water was regularly sprinkled into lotus root ponds, plankton was cultivated as bait, 50kg ~ 100kg dung water was sprinkled per mu, and high quality plankton bait was provided for Loach.

IV. Disease prevention and treatment

The implementation of simultaneous ecological cultivation of eel, Loach, silver carp, bighead carp and lotus root is beneficial to adjust the multi-compound culture structure, improve the water environment, and have a good effect of ecological disease prevention. However, it is also necessary to do a good job in manual disease prevention. Before stocking the seedlings, soak them with 1 ‰ potassium permanganate solution or 3%-5% salt solution for 5 minutes to kill parasites. Pay attention to the prevention and control of common diseases of eel and Loach, such as skin rot, skin mildew, rotting tail disease, capillary nematode disease, etc., and timely eliminate biological enemies such as water rats.

V. Daily management

Pay attention to control the water level, the water depth should be kept at 15 cm ~ 30 cm. Pay attention to the rise of water level at any time in summer flood season to prevent fish from escaping. In the high temperature season from July to August, change water or add new water in time.

VI. Timely capture

Silver carp and bighead carp can be harvested from "the Autumn Equinox" to "the Winter Solstice". Generally, silver carp and bighead carp yield 250kg ~ 300kg per mu. In September, eel cages and other tools can be used to catch eel and Loach, and harvested before overwintering, one by one with both hands can be taken out of mud. If it is left for sale before and after the Spring Festival, it is necessary to do a good job of anti-freezing during the overwintering period and cover it with drainage if necessary. If overwintering with water, the water layer should not be too shallow to prevent icing. Monopterus Albus can grow to 30cm ~ 40cm after being seeded and raised for 3 months. Generally, the catch of eel and loach is about 200kg per mu, and the average yield of lotus root is 2000 kg ~ 3000 kg per mu. The average annual total income of lotus root and recultured fish reaches 5000 yuan to 8000 yuan per mu, which is 30% and 50% higher than that of monoculture.