Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of hogwash raising pigs: correct fermentation is the key

Raising pigs

A large number of hogwash comes from the garbage of canteen and catering, and our own domestic wastewater is also a large part of it. It is a good feed for pigs because of its low cost and rich nutrition. However, waste water can not be used to feed pigs directly, it needs to be processed before it can be fed.

At present, most areas have clearly stipulated that it is forbidden to use swill and kitchen waste from hotels, restaurants and collective canteens to feed animals. The main reason is that most swill is unripe and easy to become the source of transmission of animal diseases.

First, the benefits of hogwash raising pigs:

The cost of raising pigs is low and the nutrition is rich. It is understood that hogwash includes rice water, rice soup, noodle soup, leftovers, fish leftovers and kitchen leftovers. It has many advantages, such as many varieties, rich nutrition, high digestibility, high fat and so on. The swill of the restaurant contains a lot of animal fat and high water content. According to analysis, every 4 kg of hogwash is equivalent to 1 kg of concentrate. According to the composition of hogwash and the body weight of pigs, the amount of concentrated hogwash should not exceed 50-70% of the diet.

Second, the disadvantages of hogwash raising pigs:

Most of ① slops are raw and ripe, so it is easy to become the source of transmission of animal diseases. ② swill is generally used to feed pregnant, lactating sows and newly weaned piglets, because the nutritional composition of hogwash is unstable, and the number is more and less, which is easy to cause nutritional imbalance, or because the fat content is too large, so that sow milk is too thick, piglets can not digest and cause diarrhea or gastrointestinal diseases.

Third, the correct and scientific method of raising pigs with hogwash:

1. It must be collected separately in order to master the quality of hogwash when feeding pigs. Rotten vegetable leaves and spoiled meals should be eliminated. Hogwash contains a lot of organic matter and should be pulled and transported in time to prevent corruption and deterioration.

2, hogwash must be cooked in time after entering the pig farm, in order to kill the pathogenic microorganisms in hogwash and prevent infectious diseases such as classical swine fever or food poisoning and gastroenteritis. The sources of meat and eggs purchased by the catering industry are complex, and if they are not quarantined and not boiled and sterilized, it will pose an even greater threat to the health of pigs.

3. Get rid of foreign bodies. Hogwash is often mixed with toothpicks, bones, fish bones, chopsticks, broken dishes and cigarette butts and other foreign bodies, can be collected with wire mesh pocket to avoid causing digestive tract injury, serious esophageal or gastric perforation, clinical occurrence. Alkaline detergents for washing dishes in restaurants must not be mixed with hogwash. Pigs eat this kind of hogwash, and alkali poisoning also occurs from time to time.

4. Hogwash should not be fed to pigs alone. Wheat bran, soybean meal, green fodder and potatoes should be added to balance nutrition. The hogwash is boiled with more vitamins, which can be supplemented with green feed or water-soluble vitamins. The hogwash based on leftovers should be supplemented with soybean meal to supplement the deficiency of protein, and minerals and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, copper, iron, zinc and other minerals and trace elements should be added, but salt is not needed. Salt-rich hogwash should be diluted with water to prevent salt poisoning.

5. It is also reported that pigs in hogwash are infected with Sarcocystis. According to the investigation of 51610 fattening pigs in designated slaughterhouses by the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Health Supervision and Inspection Institute of Linfen City, Shanxi Province, it was found that the infection rate of Sarcocystis in pigs fed with hogwash was 19.6%, while that of fattening pigs fed with formula feed was only 0.1%. Live sarcospores are zoonotic parasitic diseases, people are also the ultimate host of Sarcocystis, high-temperature boiling of hogwash is more necessary to kill the disease.

6. Strengthening the immunization and disinfection of infectious diseases is a very important epidemic prevention measure for hogwash feeding pigs. In addition, we should also pay attention to keep the trough clean to prevent the leftovers from spoilage.

7. Microorganisms can be used to ferment hogwash into safe feed.

1) fermentation method. 40% of the hogwash is fermented with a hogwash feed starter, and the formula is as follows: wheat bran, rice bran and hogwash are mixed in the proportion of 30%, 30%, 30% and 40%, and it is better to drain when there is more water, and the hogwash feed starter is added according to 2/1000, stirring evenly, so that the water content is controlled at 65%. The way to judge whether the water content is appropriate or not is to cling to the mixed material by hand, and it can form a ball. When you see the water, it will disperse when you land. Then, the fermentation is sealed in a fermentation tank and can be completed in 3-5 days. After each use, cover the cover again to ensure that it is not bad for more than half a year. When feeding pigs, depending on the size of the pigs, add 20-60% mixed with unfermented hogwash and feed once a month.

2) the advantage of using microorganism to ferment hogwash.

① avoids the trouble of traditional cooking: generally using hogwash to raise pigs, you first have to burn coal for cooking, which is very troublesome, time-consuming, labor-consuming, costly, and purchasing equipment. And unfermented hogwash can only be fed to pigs weighing more than 100 jin.

The change of the physical and chemical properties of ② swill makes it more convenient to feed pigs: the fermented hogwash, after Mr. Dai's experiment, can feed 50 jin of piglets, will not cause diarrhea, on the contrary, there is no fermented hogwash, even if it has been boiled, can not feed the piglets below 100jin. As a result, the cost of raising pigs has been greatly reduced.

③ fermented hogwash can be used instead of 80% of wheat bran and cornmeal in full-price feed.

④ can store hogwash purposefully for more than half a year.