High yield cultivation techniques of balsam pear with few diseases and insect pests in spring

Balsam pear is rich in vitamin C and contains a glycoside and has a special bitter taste, so it is one of the more popular health vegetables. Spring balsam pear has the advantages of light diseases and insect pests, low cost, high yield and good benefit. Now the editor would like to introduce the high-yield cultivation techniques of spring balsam pear:

Bitter gourd

The main results are as follows: 1. Select improved varieties and raise seedlings in a suitable period. Balsam pear hybrids with high efficiency, high yield and high quality should be selected for spring seed. Such as Changbai melon, Dabai balsam pear, Yuefeng No. 1, Green No. 2, emerald and so on. The sowing time is selected when the daily average temperature is more than 10 ℃. Strive for timely and early sowing in order to prolong the vegetative growth period of balsam pear. The seedlings are raised with a nutrition cup (bag), and the seedling bed is selected in the garden near the water source, leeward to the sun, and convenient to manage. First soak the balsam pear seeds in 50 ℃-60 ℃ warm water, wait until the seeds sprout and dew white is on demand, the root tip is down, gently press the exposed seeds into the nutritious soil, and build a 40-50 cm high arch bamboo frame, cover the way to moisturize and keep warm, cold protection and strong seedlings, the film should be opened a week before transplanting.

2. Apply enough base fertilizer and transplant at the right time. Generally, 1500 kg of mature farm manure, 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 10 kg of potash fertilizer are used as the base fertilizer for planting balsam pear. The above fertilizers are mixed evenly and applied to the planting hole, and then covered with a thin layer of fine soil. Before sowing, the soil is prepared, the width of the border is 2 meters, two rows are planted in each row, the distance between rows is 120cm, and the distance between holes is 40cm. It is suitable to plant 1100-1400 seedlings per mu of balsam pear, transplant them when they have 3-4 true leaves, and apply light human feces and urine water for 3-5 days to make "marriage fertilizer".

3. Set up a frame to draw the vine and topdressing at the right time. When balsam pear seedlings begin to draw vines, they should build herringbone bamboo frames, and when balsam pear begins to climb, they should manually tie the vines and lead them to the shelves. After introducing the vines on the shelves, remove the lateral vines extracted from the stem below 40 centimeters, and properly remove the over-dense old leaves and the upper thin side vines, ventilating and transparent. Topdressing with water and fertilizer is better, so as to apply frequently and thinly to promote early growth and rapid development of seedlings. After flowering and bearing melon, it is necessary to top fertilizer once, generally using compound fertilizer 20-25 kg per mu of balsam pear, and the picking period of balsam pear should be topdressing every 7 days, which can prolong the harvest period. When the balsam pear top is full, about 30 cm long, it can be harvested and listed on the market.