Continuous peanut cropping is very harmful, and it is important to overcome the four hurdles.

Continuous cropping is one of the factors affecting the increase of peanut yield in the main peanut producing area. Continuous cropping of peanut will cause:

peanut

1. Low peanut yield and poor quality

Peanut continuous cropping resulted in low fruit-setting rate and low full-fruit rate. The results showed that peanut yield decreased by 8-10% after continuous cropping for two years and by 25-30% after continuous cropping for more than three years.

2. Cause soil deficiency

Severe peanut roots have a large number of rhizobia and are less sensitive to nitrogen. Due to continuous cropping, the nutrient deficiency of soil could not meet the nutrition required for normal growth and development of peanuts, thus showing more and more serious nutrient deficiency. However, the new crop of peanuts generally does not occur deficiency.

3. Causes pests and diseases

Serious peanut bacterial wilt, virus disease, root nematode disease, leaf spot disease, etc., mostly due to soil borne disease, the longer the continuous cropping time, the more the accumulation of peanut diseased plants in the soil, the higher the probability of infection. But the disease of peanut planted in new crop was light or not.

4. Affect peanut's own absorption of nutrients

During the growth and development process, peanut roots will continuously secrete organic acids that can dissolve minerals in the soil, but continuous cropping will inevitably lead to the accumulation of excessive organic acids in the soil, so as to form a soil environment unfavorable to peanut growth. Peanut roots will weaken their ability to absorb nutrients, making the plant short and have poor disease resistance.

To overcome peanut continuous cropping, we should strictly control the following four customs:

1. Ground clearance. The soil preparation must be fine, it must be autumn soil preparation, deep ploughing to 30 cm, fine harrowing many times, ensure that the upper soil is loose and the lower soil is compact, the permeability is good, and the ridge is formed and compacted in autumn. Winter low temperature can kill the fungi that cause peanut stem rot and root rot in the soil.

2. Fertilization. Peanut continuous cropping cultivation must increase the application of organic fertilizer, combined with autumn ploughing mu application of high-quality farm manure 4000~5000 kg. When sowing, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied, and 15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 8 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu. In the middle of August, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used to spray fertilizer on peanut leaves twice, and at the same time, a special microbial preparation containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, potassium-dissolving bacteria and other fungi and a proper amount of medium and trace elements was used.

3. Variety off. Quarantine shall be strengthened, and introduction from endemic areas shall be strictly prohibited. Select disease-resistant and high-yield peanut varieties and replace them in time. Choose sunny weather to dry peanuts for 2-3 days before shelling. Combined with peanut shelling, the first-class peanut seeds with big and plump seeds, bright skin color, high full fruit rate, good uniformity, clear network, moderate size, beautiful appearance, germination potential and high germination rate were selected.

4. Management off. After emergence, if peanut seedlings are found to be short of broken strips, germination and replanting should be carried out. After seedling completion, the floating soil on the rhizosphere of peanut seedlings should be scraped out by hand, so that two cotyledons are exposed. Peanut highland barley about 15 days after the soil fill nest. Three times of soil ploughing and weeding shall be carried out at seedling stage, ball stage and flowering stage. The first time of intertillage shall be shallow and weeds shall be removed; the second time of intertillage shall be slightly deeper at peanut nodule formation stage; the third time of intertillage shall be carried out at flowering stage, and the depth of intertillage shall be about 5 cm. That is, master the principle of "shallow, deep and shallow".