How to do a good job of prevention and control in winter to improve the efficiency of raising firewood chickens

Chai chicken breeding

In recent years, people have higher and higher requirements for food safety and nutritional value, which has greatly promoted the ecological breeding of Chai chicken, and the scale of breeding has been expanded again and again. However, in the specific production, some chicken farmers do not understand the breeding characteristics of Chai chicken and the technology of epidemic prevention and disease control, and take it for granted that Chai chicken has strong disease resistance and does not even get vaccinated, leaving it to fend for itself. In this way, the epidemic disease of Chai chicken occurs frequently, the survival rate is not high, and the benefit of comprehensive breeding is seriously reduced.

At present, it is the alternating season of autumn and winter, the climate is cold and changeable, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the resistance of chickens is low, and they are easy to suffer from diseases such as Newcastle disease, bird flu and fowlpox, so we should be more careful when raising firewood chickens. As long as the work is done, the efficiency of breeding will naturally be improved.

1. Chicks are prone to bursa disinfection and immunization to prevent them.

The pathogen of infectious bursa is infectious bursal virus of Reoviridae. The disease occurred most frequently at the age of 2-6 weeks, and the disease still occurred in immunized chickens. In general, clinical symptoms appear in 2-3 days after infection.

Clinical symptoms

1. Closed eyes lethargy, loss of appetite, early self-pecking phenomenon, white milk-like sparse feces. two。 The incidence is fast, the incidence is high, showing a peak death curve. In general, the death rate of infection reached the peak in 3-4 days and decreased in 7-9 days. 3. Tolerant chickens are anemic, stunted and sickly.

Dissection change

1. There are bleeding spots or spots in chest and leg muscles, ulcers and bleeding spots at the junction of myogastric and glandular stomach, and intestinal mucosa bleeding. two。 The kidneys were swollen to varying degrees with urate deposits. 3. The bursa of Fabricius is enlarged with yellow transparent jelly on the outside. In severe cases, the bursa of Fabricius is purple grape-like, with swelling, bleeding and inflammatory secretion in the inner fold. In the later stage of infection, the bursa of Fabricius atrophies and contains white mucus. Swelling and ulcer of cecum and tonsil.

Prevention and cure measures

1. To improve the maternal antibody level of breeder chickens. The breeder chickens were inoculated with bursa oil vaccine twice at the age of 18-20 weeks and 40-42 weeks. two。 Do a good job in environmental hygiene. The disease is most susceptible at the age of 3-8 weeks. During this period, the nursery, chicken coop and utensils should be thoroughly disinfected. 3. Establish a reasonable immunization procedure.

Second, actively prevent polyvalent vaccination against avian influenza

Bird flu is easy to occur in the autumn and winter exchange season, and most poultry and wild birds are susceptible. The pathogen is orthomyxovirus-influenza A virus. Digestive tract, respiratory tract, contact, air and other ways of transmission.

Clinical symptoms

High lethal type: 1. It broke out suddenly and died without any symptoms. two。 The course of the disease is slightly higher body temperature, lower food intake, purple crown and bearded flesh, swollen head, tears, and difficulty breathing. 3. Broilers have dysentery with neurological symptoms and motor disorders.

Low lethal type: 1. Green sparse stool, individual swollen head, swollen eyes, swollen jaw. two。 Crown bleeding, blackening, nostril secretions. 3. Feed intake decreased, egg production decreased or even no production. 4. The eggshell faded and the number of abnormal eggs increased. 5. Myocardial and leg muscle bleeding, bursa of Fabricius red and swollen, bleeding. This is a new lesion. 6. The glandular stomach and musculogastric junction, glandular stomach and esophagus junction showed macular, strip bleeding.

Dissection change

The most acute no naked eye lesions, slightly longer course of disease, oral mucosa, glandular stomach, myogastric stratum corneum, anterior duodenum, cloaca, foot scale bleeding, pancreatic bleeding or necrosis.

Precautionary measures

As the virus has many serotypes and mutates quickly, multivalent vaccines should be used as much as possible.

Immunization procedure: the first immunity 10 days old, 0.25 ml / mouse, cervical subcutaneous injection; the second immunity 40-50 days old, 0.5 ml / mouse, cervical subcutaneous or intramuscular injection; three immunity 100-110 days old, 0.5 ml / mouse, intramuscular injection; four immunity in the middle of egg production.

Treatment method

There is no effective treatment for highly pathogenic influenza. For moderate and low pathogenic influenza, chickens were disinfected 1-2 times a day, Ke du King Kong and Qingwen Baidu San were used continuously for 5-6 days, and antibiotics were added to drinking water or feed to prevent secondary infection. The dosage of Vc and VE should be increased in drinking water. After recovery, laying hens were treated with fallopian tube drugs for 3-4 weeks to promote fallopian tube healing and enhance egg laying function.

Third, in the event of Newcastle disease emergency vaccination sequence

Newcastle disease, commonly known as chicken plague, is a highly contagious and acute infectious disease caused by Newcastle disease virus. It can happen all the year round, but it is easy to occur in early spring, autumn and winter, and the morbidity and mortality are as high as 90%. Chai chickens of all ages can be infected, chicks mostly occur at 20-40 days old, and laying hens mostly occur at 180-250 days old.

Clinical symptoms

Virulent type: dyspnea, yellowish green feces, the laying rate of laying hens decreased sharply, soft shell eggs and deformed eggs increased significantly, and there were typical neurological symptoms in the recovery period.

Atypical: 1. There are varying degrees of respiratory symptoms, such as open mouth breathing, asthma and so on, occasionally see yellow-green thin feces. two。 A few chickens with a long course of disease have neurological symptoms such as tilted head, unstable standing, sagging wings or paralysis. 3. The laying rate of laying hens decreased, soft shell eggs and thin preserved eggs increased, green thin feces were pulled, and respiratory symptoms were accompanied by respiratory symptoms. 4. After the onset of the disease, the brooding or mature chickens mainly showed paralysis, head shaking, distortion and other neurological symptoms, the daily mortality rate was not high, but the death lasted for a long time.

Dissection change

The trachea was seriously bleeding and congested, the crop was filled with sour liquid, glandular stomach nipple bleeding, intestinal bleeding spots or lymphatic follicular jujube nuclear ulcer, cloacal bleeding was serious.

Treatment method

Once Newcastle disease occurs in chicken flocks, emergency prevention and control measures should be taken immediately, such as blockade of chicken farms, emergency disinfection, group isolation, and emergency vaccination of the whole flock. IV vaccine of Newcastle disease was used at the time of vaccination, and the dose was 2-4 times. The order of inoculation was healthy group, suspicious group and disease group.

In the early stage of the disease of chickens, 100 grams of Kangdu Ling and 100 grams of Changgankang can be used for 600 jin of water and 400 jin of water to prevent secondary infection.

4. Autumn and winter fowlpox is the most feasible species of wing thorns.

The pathogen of the disease is fowlpox virus. Chickens of all ages can be infected, but adult chickens and adult firewood chickens are the most susceptible to infection. It is easy to be popular in autumn and winter, mainly mucous type in winter and skin type in autumn. The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes, stinging mites and skin and mucosal wound infections.

Clinical symptoms

1. Skin type: there are small gray nodules in the crown, eyelids and corners of the mouth, followed by a black scab. two。 Mucous membrane type: necrotic white pseudomembrane in oral pharynx and tracheal mucosa. 3. Mixed type: the above two occur at the same time, the condition is more serious.

Fowlpox is easy to be diagnosed. 1 ∶ 5 suspension made from oral pseudomembrane or acne scab can show typical fowlpox symptoms in about one week.

Precautionary measures

1. Strengthen hygiene, disinfection and management to prevent mosquito breeding. two。 Get vaccinated against fowlpox. The wing wing thorn method was used to observe whether the scab appeared or not 5-10 days after inoculation, and there was no need to replant.

Treatment method

At present, there is no specific drug, mainly symptomatic treatment. The acne scab on the skin is generally not treated, if necessary, use tweezers to peel off the scab carefully, and the wound is smeared with iodine. The diphtheria type is peeled off with tweezers and washed with 0.1% potassium permanganate, then coated with cod liver oil or iodoglycerin. When the disease occurs in large groups, Kangduling and Radix Isatidis can be used to drink water, and morpholine guanidine and abescephalosporin have a better effect.