Strengthening the management of comprehensive prevention and control measures of quail Newcastle disease

Quail breeding

Newcastle disease, commonly known as chicken plague, also known as Asian chicken plague, atypical chicken plague. The disease is caused by Newcastle disease virus and is an acute febrile and septic infectious disease. Chickens, turkeys, guinea fowls, quails and pheasants are susceptible to the disease, and chickens are the most susceptible to the disease, but the incidence of quails has shown a higher trend in recent years, and the main route of infection is respiratory tract and digestive tract.

I. popular characteristics

Quail Newcastle disease is caused by Newcastle disease virus, which invades the body and causes septicemia with high mortality. The disease can occur all the year round, but it occurs more frequently in late autumn, winter and early spring. The virus mainly exists in the saliva and feces of diseased quails and spreads healthy quails through feed, drinking water and utensils. Sick quails can also spread the virus through the air when coughing or sneezing. The disease occurred more frequently in young quails at the age of 40 ~ 70 days, and lower at the age of over 7 months. The mortality rate is about 50% before laying eggs and 10% after laying eggs, but the course of disease is longer and the number of eggs laid is significantly reduced.

Second, clinical symptoms

Quail Newcastle disease can be divided into three types: the most acute type, acute type and chronic type.

1. The most acute type. The disease is rapid and sudden, the quail has almost no abnormal clinical symptoms and dies quickly, but the mortality rate is not very high.

two。 Acute type. At the beginning of the disease, quails have elevated body temperature, low spirits, loss of appetite or abstinence, but like to drink. With the development of the disease, the clinical symptoms increased and obvious, mumbling with liquid content or gas, inverted when the mouth out of a large amount of mucus, mucus smelly, dark gray. Diseased quail feathers loose, wing tail drooping, unwilling to move, eyes half-closed or completely closed, isolated, necked, crown and bearded purple; dyspnea, often wheezing; severe diarrhea, yellowish white or yellowish-green feces, sometimes containing blood; neurological symptoms such as head trembling, stretching forward, standing instability or hemiplegia, leg paralysis, etc.; egg production of egg-laying quails decreased, soft shell and white shell eggs increased. It usually takes 2 to 3 days to die, and the fatality rate is high.

3. Chronic. The adult quails mostly occurred in the later stage of the epidemic, with sporadic, low mortality, mainly neurological symptoms, excitement, paralysis and spasm, dyskinesia, unstable gait, skewed head and neck, sometimes convulsions, less walking, drooping wings, emaciation, sometimes diarrhea, and finally death.

In recent years, quail Newcastle disease epidemic symptoms showed atypical symptoms, showed low spirits, feed intake and egg laying rate decreased greatly, and there was sporadic death. The color of feces is light green and sparse, with mild respiratory symptoms, especially at night. Some neurological symptoms can occur in chronic cases.

III. Changes in autopsy

The pathological changes were transparent secretion in larynx and trachea, congestion in tracheal ring, congestion in lungs, hemorrhage in glandular stomach nipple, extrusion of purulent secretion, severe ulcer, hemorrhage in subcuticular mucosa of muscle and stomach, punctate hemorrhage in duodenal mucosa, striped bleeding in rectum, large bleeding point in coronal fat, congestion and enlargement of kidney.

The longer the course of the disease, the more pathological changes. The acute type basically has the above changes. On the other hand, the most acute type of cadavers changed slightly, with bleeding points only on the spoon surface of the sternum and epicardium or no change at all.

IV. Prevention and control measures

Prevention: ① strengthens feeding management and forbids mixed breeding of other poultry in quail houses. A variety of vitamins, fish meal, trace elements and other nutrients should be added to the feed, and a variety of vitamins can also be added to drinking water to improve the resistance of quails. Reduce stress response. Keep the quail house and playground clean and hygienic and disinfect regularly. Eliminate the sick and frail quails and do a good job of harmless treatment. ② was immunized. Formulate the immunization procedure according to the actual situation. At the age of 5-7 days, chickens with Newcastle disease Ⅱ attenuated vaccine or Newcastle disease clone 30 could be vaccinated by nose and eye drops. Drinking water immunization was carried out at the age of 28-35 days and 60-70 days, respectively. Before drinking water immunization, stop the water supply, causing quails to feel thirsty. Put in vaccinated water the next morning so that all quails can drink water and finish it within 2 hours.

Treatment: at present, there is no specific treatment for this disease, quails with serious disease should be eliminated and harmless treatment should be done. ① was used to isolate the infected quails. The environment, feeding trough and utensils in the house were thoroughly disinfected with Baidu. ② injected Newcastle disease egg yolk antibody into the muscle of diseased quails, and other quails were vaccinated urgently. Conditional farms can be combined with interleukin-1, and the effect is better. ③ strengthens feeding and management. The whole group of quails were given oral rehydration salt and drank freely for 7 days. Increase the amount of vitamins and trace elements. Large groups of antibiotics are used to prevent secondary infection and reduce mortality. Maintain good ventilation and light.