Wild and efficient culture of soft-shelled turtle and silver carp and bighead carp

turtle breeding

in recent year, in Chentao town, Binhai County, Jiangsu Province, fish farmers have chan from single soft-shelled turtle culture to soft-shelled turtle culture. Now their soft-shelled turtle and bighead carp with wild imitation of high-efficiency breeding technology for farmers to refer to:

I. Basic conditions

1. Pond conditions. Choose a pond with convenient transportation, supporting water injection and drainage system and quiet environment. The area is generally about 5 mu, the slope ratio of the pond is 1:2, the bottom of the pond is flat, the sludge thickness is about 25cm, and the water depth is 1.8 m ~ 2.5 m.

2) Water requirements. Water should be sufficient, water quality should be good, pollution-free, in line with fish water standards, pH 7~8.5, dissolved oxygen 5 mg/liter or more.

3. Escape prevention facilities. A wall was built around the pond. The wall was 40cm high, and the top of the wall was 10cm inward. The inner wall was smooth to prevent the turtle from escaping and the enemy from invading.

4. Build "two". That is, sun terrace and bait table. Every 2~3 mu, cement boards or wooden boards are used to build turtle rest, back drying and bait platforms in the pond, the platform is 15~25cm higher than the water surface, and one inclined side extends to 20~30cm below the water surface.

II. Seed stocking

1) Preparation of stock. In winter, the pond is disinfected and cleaned after the water in the pond is drained, the pond is dredged and the pond ridge is repaired. Before stocking, use 75~150kg quicklime slurry per mu to splash the whole pond, thoroughly clean the pond and disinfect it. After 7 days of pond cleaning and disinfection, 50cm water was injected and fermented organic fertilizer was applied to fertilize the pond water.

2. Seed stocking. Fish species are generally stocked in winter, and at the latest, they should be stocked before the beginning of spring. Soft-shelled turtle seedlings are generally stocked from late March to early April. The breeding of soft-shelled turtle seedlings should select individuals who lay eggs and reproduce under natural conditions, and the requirements are neat, uniform, disease-free, healthy, strong activity ability, and a weight of 200~250g/only. The stocking specification of silver carp and bighead carp is 150~300g/tail, carp and crucian carp is 30~60g/tail. When stocking, use 4% saline solution for immersion disinfection. The stocking quantity of soft-shelled turtle seedlings is 250~300/mu, silver carp and bighead carp (3:1) are 200~250/mu, carp and crucian carp are 150~200/mu.

III. Feeding management

1. Feeding of turtle bait

1) Types of food. Turtle for omnivorous animals, mainly animal protein, supplemented by plant protein. Fresh bait mainly includes small miscellaneous fish, animal viscera and leftovers, etc. Green feed mainly includes fresh aquatic plants, melons and fruits, vegetable stems and leaves, etc., and can also be fed after mixed processing of wheat bran, corn flour, bean dregs, etc.

(2) Feeding time. When the water temperature rises to about 18℃, the turtle begins to feed, then feed a small amount of bait, domesticate, so that the turtle early to eat, thus extending the growth period.

(3) Feeding quantity. The feeding amount of soft-shelled turtle is generally calculated by the weight of soft-shelled turtle. The daily feeding amount of fresh animal bait is 10%~20% of the total weight of soft-shelled turtle, and the daily feeding amount of compound feed is 5% of the total weight. In the morning, 40%~50% of the total feeding amount of the whole day is fed, and 55%~60% of the total feeding amount of the whole day is fed in the afternoon. However, according to the weather, water temperature and turtle growth conditions flexible grasp, each feeding amount to 2~3 hours to eat up for the degree. According to many years of practical experience, the annual feeding amount of soft-shelled turtle is distributed as 3%~4% in March ~ April, 5%~6% in May, 11%~13% in June, 24%~26% in July, 30%~32% in August, 24%~26% in September and 2%~3% in October.

2. Feeding of fish feed. stocking silver carp and bighead carp in pond can clean and regulate water quality, stocking carp and crucian carp can loosen sediment, clean up residual bait and make full use of lost turtle feed. Therefore, as long as the turtle feed on the basis of an increase of about 10% of the feed can meet the nutritional requirements of fish.

3. Feeding method. Adhere to the "four fixed","four see" feeding method. Feeding is generally carried out by setting 2~3 fixed feeding fields per mu on both sides of the pond with ventilation and sunshine, which is conducive to observing the feeding, growth and activity of turtles and fish, and is convenient to adjust the feeding amount. Feed twice a day, 8 - 9 am, 5 pm. Feed bait and feed requirements fresh palatability, do first disinfection and then feed.

4. Water quality management. The water level was kept at 80~100cm in the initial stage of stocking, and gradually increased with the increase of water temperature and individual growth. New water should be added once every half month in spring and autumn, once a week in summer, 20~25cm each time, and enough water level should be added in summer and early autumn high temperature season. High temperature season and water quality is too thick to change water in time, each time the amount of water does not exceed 20%. Sprinkle 15~20g/m3 quicklime or 2 g/m3 bleaching powder regularly to ensure that the dissolved oxygen of the water quality is above 4 mg/L, the pH value is between 7~8.5, the ammonia nitrogen does not exceed 5 mg/L, and the transparency is controlled at 30~40cm in spring and autumn, and the high temperature in summer is 40~50cm. Every 5~8 mu of water surface is equipped with an aerator, which is started in time to improve the dissolved oxygen content of water body.

5. Daily management. Patrol the pond twice a day in the morning and evening, check the escape prevention facilities and inlet and outlet, and repair the loopholes in time. Observe the water quality, if there is abnormal change, timely take adjustment and improvement measures. Observe the activities, feeding and growth of soft-shelled turtles and fish, and adjust the feeding quantity in time. Do a good job of cleaning and sanitation, remove the residue and bait in the pond in time, and ensure that the water quality is fresh. According to the water level change, adjust the height of the drying platform and bait platform in time.

IV. Disease control

1. Feed disinfection. Animal bait can be washed with water. Plant feedstuff such as aquatic weed, duckweed, etc., soaked in 20g/m3 bleaching powder solution for 20 minutes and fed.

2. Disinfection of pond. Regularly sprinkle the pond with drugs. Sprinkle 1 g/m3 or 15~20g/m3 quicklime and dissolved water in the whole pool once every half month to prevent bacterial diseases. To prevent parasitic diseases, the mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) of 0.7g/m3 was sprinkled in the whole pool once a month.